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PSA > Other > Flashcards

Other Flashcards

1
Q

Electrolyte cause of Li toxicity

A

hypoNa

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2
Q

1st line for unconscious hypoglycaemia in the hospital

A

20% glucose 100ml IV over 15mins

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3
Q

DKA management (2 components)

A

1l NaCl 0.9% over 1hr, 1U/kg/hr actrapid

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4
Q

DKA management - when to add K

A

if K<5.5 after 1l fluids

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5
Q

How many grams of glucose to treat hypoglycaemia?

A

20g

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6
Q

HRT with periods

A

cyclical “Elleste-duet”

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7
Q

HRT without periods

A

continuous “Elleste-duet”

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8
Q

HRT without uterus

A

“Elleste-solo”

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9
Q

HRT patch

A

“Elleste-sequi”

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10
Q

Management for local neuropathic pain, tablets contraindicated

A

Lidocaine patch

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11
Q

2 drug classes taken in the morning

A

Steroids, diuretics

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12
Q

2 drug classes taken at night

A

Statins, sedatives

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13
Q

3 drug classes taken weekly

A

Methotrexate/folate, patches, some bisphosphonates

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14
Q

2 drug classes causing hypoglycaemia

A

Insulin, sulfonylureas (-ide)

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15
Q

Drug class causing euglycaemic ketoacidosis

A

SGLT2 inhibitors (-glifozin)

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16
Q

Steroid dose when unwell

A

x2

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17
Q

5 drug classes to stop during illness

A

Metformin, SGLT2 inhibitors (-gliflozin), sulfonylureas (-ide), GLP-1 analogues, statins

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18
Q

Sulfonylurea -suffix

A

-ide

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19
Q

SGLT2 inhibitor -suffix

A

-glifloxin

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20
Q

When to stop DOACs pre-surgery

A

48hrs

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21
Q

When to stop clopidogrel pre-surgery

A

7 days

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22
Q

When to stop warfarin pre-surgery

A

5 days

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23
Q

What to bridge warfarin with, when to do this, and when to stop pre-surgery

A

LMWH, high risk of clots (e.g. previous), 24hrs

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24
Q

8 drugs prescribed in mcg

A

Levothyroxine, digoxin, tamsulosin, naloxone, fludrocortisone, GTN spray, inhalers, ipratropium nebs

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25
Q

COCP brand name

A

Microgynon 30

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26
Q

POP brand name

A

Cerazette

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27
Q

Short-acting insulin example

A

Novorapid

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28
Q

2 long-acting insulin examples and how they are taken

A

Levemir BD, Lantus OD

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29
Q

Pain relief if eGFR<50

A

Oxycodone

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30
Q

2 pain relief options if eGFR<10

A

Fentanyl, buprenorphine

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31
Q

8 drug classes to stop pre-operatively

A

anticoagulants/platelets, NSAIDs, HRT, contraception,ACEi, ARB, diuretics, Li if major

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32
Q

Metformin perioperative rules

A

Continue if OD/BD, stop lunchtime dose if TDS or >1meal missed, stop if risk of lactic acidosis

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33
Q

Which antidiabetic drugs to stop perioperatively and when specifically?

A

Sulfonylureas - stop morning dose, SGLT2 inhibitors - stop on day of surgery

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34
Q

How to prevent adrenal crisis perioperatively/when unwell - prescription

A

IV hydrocortisone (pred dose x2, conversion to hydrocortisone using treatment summary)

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35
Q

Insulin perioperative rules

A

reduce dose of OD long-acting insulin to 80% day before surgery, stop all other insulins on day of surgery until eating/drinking

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36
Q

2 indications for variable rate insulin infusion during surgery

A

Poor diabetes control, fasting for >1 meal

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37
Q

Quinolones -suffix

A

-floxacin

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38
Q

3 ototoxic drugs

A

Vancomycin, gentamicin, loop diuretics

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39
Q

Most important warning for patients taking metformin

A

Signs of lactic acidosis

40
Q

Most important warning for patients taking sulfonylureas (-ide)

A

Signs of hypoglycaemia

41
Q

Most important warning for patients taking SGLT2 inhibitors (-gliflozin)

A

Signs of DKA and euglycaemic ketoacidosis

42
Q

Which drug class do patients develop a RAPID tolerance to?

A

Nitrates

43
Q

Most important warning for patients taking quinolones (-floxacin)

A

Tendonitis signs

44
Q

HbA1c monitoring frequency

A

3 months

45
Q

What does progesterone in HRT protect against?

A

Endometrial cancer

46
Q

How to find whether a pregnancy requires 5mg vs 400mcg folic acid?

A

“neural tube defects”

47
Q

POP missed pill time

A

12hrs if Cerazette, 3hrs if any others

48
Q

COCP missed pill time

A

24hrs

49
Q

Electrolyte imbalance causing digoxin toxicity

A

Hypokalaemia

50
Q

3 drugs causing agranulocytosis

A

Carbimazole, clozapine, phenytoin

51
Q

2 risks of carbimazole

A

Agranulocytosis, pancreatitis

52
Q

2 blood results needing statins to be stopped

A

LFTs 3x upper limit, CK 5x upper limit on 2 occasions 7 days apart

53
Q

Amiodarone monitoring post-treatment

A

TSH, T3, T4

54
Q

Is Parkinsonism a risk of 1st or 2nd generation antipsychotics?

A

1st

55
Q

Is hyperprolactinaemia a risk of 1st or 2nd generation antipsychotics?

A

1st

56
Q

Are metabolic side effects a risk of 1st or 2nd generation antipsychotics?

A

2nd

57
Q

Maximum increase in insulin dose

A

10%

58
Q

When to stop aspirin pre-surgery?

A

7 days

59
Q

When to stop ACEi pre-surgery?

A

On the day

60
Q

5 antimuscarinic side effects

A

Dry mouth, blurred vision, confusion, retention, constipation

61
Q

2 choices of steroid for asthma exacerbation

A

PO prednisolone, IV hydrocortisone

62
Q

3 antithrombin agents

A

LMWH, unfractionated heparin, fondaparinux

63
Q

Anxiety management when self-help/psychoeducation has failed

A

CBT + consider SSRI

64
Q

120 hours in days

A

5 days

65
Q

72 hours in days

A

3 days

66
Q

COCP name

A

Microgynon

67
Q

HRT name

A

Elleste

68
Q

Which anti-hypertensives should be stopped in the peri-operative period?

A

ACEi, ARBs, diuretics

69
Q

Which anti-hypertensives should not be stopped in the peri-operative period?

A

B blockers, CCB

70
Q

How long is treatment dose aspirin usually continued for?

A

2 weeks

71
Q

When is metformin contraindicated?

A

eGFR<30

72
Q

Metformin vs sulfonylurea vs SGLT2 inhibitor complication

A

Lactic acidosis vs hypoglycaemia vs euglycaemic ketoacidosis/DKA

73
Q

Immediate reflux relief

A

Magnesium carbonate

74
Q

Mild allergic reaction management

A

Oral chlorphenamine

75
Q

Measurement for resolution of DKA

A

Serum ketones

76
Q

Pain relief for neuropathic pain

A

amitriptyline, gabapentin, pregabalin

77
Q

Pain relief for muscle spasms/cramp

A

Baclofen

78
Q

Which 2 drug classes cause bronchospasm?

A

NSAIDs, B blockers

79
Q

ACEi vs B blocker side effect

A

Dry cough vs bronchospasm (sob)

80
Q

Type II diabetes 1st line management

A

Diet and exercise

81
Q

FFP indication

A

Deranged clotting

82
Q

2 options for AF management

A

Rate control, rhythm control with echo/anticoagulation if >48hrs symptoms

83
Q

ACEi electrolyte imbalance

A

Hyperkalaemia

84
Q

When should methotrexate be stopped?

A

Active infection

85
Q

3 CCB examples

A

Amlodipine, diltiazem, verapamil

86
Q

Next step in hypertension management if not optimised with ACEi/ARB and CCB?

A

Thiazide diuretic

87
Q

Thiazide diuretic example

A

Indapamide

88
Q

What is contraindicated with verapamil/diltiazem?

A

ACEi

89
Q

What is contraindicated with B blockers?

A

NSAIDs

90
Q

Headache vs migraine acute management

A

Paracetamol vs triptan

91
Q

Phenytoin toxicity management

A

Lower dose, stop if drug-induced, swap if seizures not well-controlled

92
Q

Alcohol effect on diabetes

A

Hypoglycaemia

93
Q

When to assess SSRI efficacy?

A

4 weeks

94
Q

CCB contraindication for AF rate control

A

HF

95
Q

B blocker contraindication for AF rate control

A

Asthma

96
Q

High glucose => insulin adjustment

A

Increase previous dose

97
Q

Low glucose => insulin adjustment

A

Decrease previous dose

PSA (9 decks)

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