Other

Question 1

What is the impact factor?

Answer 1

measure of the frequency with which the average article in a journal has been cited in a particular year

Question 2

What does the IF indicate?

Answer 2

relative importance of a journal within its field; journals with higher impact factor values = status of being more important/carry more prestige in their fields, than those with lower values.

Question 3

IF gradient?

Answer 3

IF
1 = 70%
3 = good
10 = excellent

Question 4

Disadv of IF?

Answer 4

IF tends to be used for analysing the quality of articles. When calculating IF, self citation is also counted. Unfair to compare across fields

Question 5

Hydration FFM, density FM, Density FFM?

Answer 5

Hydration FFM = 0.75
Density FM = 0.9
Density FFM = 1.10

Question 6

Density = (formula)?

Answer 6

Weight/volume

Question 7

Limitations of 2-comp model?

Answer 7

● Assumption that density of FFM = 1.100 g /cm3
● Assumption that hydration of FFM = 73%

Question 8

Definition of physical activity?

Answer 8

any bodily movement produced by the contraction of skeletal muscles resulting in caloric expenditure above a basal level

Question 9

Def of exercise?

Answer 9

subset of physical activity that is planned, structured and repetitive, and has as a final or intermediate objective the improvement or maintenance of physical fitness

Question 10

What can imaging techniques measure?

Answer 10

• Body fat distribution
• Muscle tissue
• Ectopic fat

Question 11

3d techniques: ultrasound, how does it work?

Answer 11

send sound waves into the body which are reflected at interfaces between tissues
● Return time of the waves tells us of the depth of the reflecting surface

Question 12

CT vs MRI: difference?

Answer 12

X-ray vs magnetic

Question 13

How do you go from fluid volume to lean mass (BIA)?

Answer 13

volume of conductive fluid > regression models > Impedance index > adjustment for hydration lean tissue > lean mass

Question 14

What are normal body fat % of men and women?

Answer 14

Normal body fat woman = 20-30%
Normal body fat man = 14-24%

Question 15

MRI vs CT: which is better to measure ectopic fat? Why?

Answer 15

MRI, can measure spectrum, quantify size of fat peak and measure fat accumulation

With CT: X-ray absorbed by tissue, depends on type of tissue. Liver with lot of fat, difference in absorption of x-ray (attenuation). More/less attenuation = fat level

Question 16

Are MRI and CT expensive?

Answer 16

Yes, very

Question 17

What aspects could affect the correlation between PA record and true PA?

Answer 17

Physical activity:

• Difficult to recognize all kinds of activity, such as standing or household activities
• Forgetting to add exercises (Recall errors)
• Within an exercise, differences in activity may occur which are not captured
• Using inappropriate MET scores
• Long time frame affects compliance
• Socially desirable answers

Question 18

Low correlation FFQ on vit c intake and blood level vit C bc?

Answer 18

FFQ = habitual intake (last month - 3 months)
Blood level = actual intake (very recent)

> vitamin C intake fluctuates from day to day.

Question 19

Recovery markers are influenced by metabolism

Answer 19

not bio-availability

Question 20

What biomarkers are influenced by bioavailability?

Answer 20

Concentration biomarkers

Question 21

How to measure isotopic enrichment?

Answer 21

MS (mass spectr)

Question 22

What if you need to be sure what people are eating?

Answer 22

• Observe what they eat
• Collect duplicates
• Provide what they eat

Question 23

How can DLW be improved?

Answer 23

estimating VO2

Question 24

Accelerometer counts in..

Answer 24

METs

Question 25

Characteristics of measurement of nutrient in blood?

Answer 25

• Values depend on pharmacokinetics
• time dependent
• concentration
• often very tightly controlled (indirect relatoin intake)

Question 26

Example of homeostatic control in plasma?

Answer 26

Sodium in plasma
Calcium in serum

Question 27

Plasma nutrient level depends on..

Answer 27

Intake: pharmacokinetics (bioavailability, half-life, frequency consumption)
Body needs: homeostatic control
Time-dependent

Question 28

How does the goldberg cut-off work?

Answer 28

Calculate average EI/BMR (which should be > 1.35 in a sedentary population
and > 1.55 in an active population). If it is under these values = underreporting

Question 29

What is a plethysmograph?

Answer 29

an instrument for measuring changes in volume within an organ or whole body

Question 30

serum homocysteine is a biomarker for..

Answer 30

folate status, not intake

Question 31

n = (Zα * CVw/D0)2 is used to estimate the number of days that is needed for a dietary assessment in a certain study. If the between-person variation of intake increases, the number of days according to this formula do/ do not increase ?
Dissect the formula

Answer 31

Do not increase. n = Z alfa (1.96)
* Cvw = (sd/mean)
/ D0 = defined error (e.g.10%)

Question 32

What is on the X- and Y-axis of the bland-altman graph?

Answer 32

X-axis: average of method A (reference) and B (new method)
Y-axis: Method B (new method) minus Method A (reference)

Question 33

4-comp model to describe FM + FFM?

Answer 33

body mass, body volume, total body water and bone mass

Question 34

Potassium bromide isotope: best way to assess TBW?

Answer 34

No