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Bodē YTT > Other > Flashcards

Other Flashcards

1
Q

Why is the Katha Upanishad important?

A

It contains the first definition of yoga.

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2
Q

What is the difference between Shankara and Ramanuja?

A

Shankara believed in God in the abstract and Ramanuja believed in God in tangible form.

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3
Q

Who created Kaula?

A

Matsyendra

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4
Q

What posture is named after Matsyendra?

A

Spine-Twisting (Ardha-Matsyendrasana)

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5
Q

Who is the originator of Hatha yoga?

A

Goraksha

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6
Q

What is Hatha yoga?

A

“Forceful yoga”; forcefully awakens the prana and uses the body to find enlightenment.

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7
Q

What was Bishnu Ghosh’s “prescription”?

A

Yoga plus body-building

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8
Q

Was Patanjali a monist, dualist or pluralist?

A

Dualist

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9
Q

What does “sutra” mean and what do sutras consist of?

A

To suture; “sutra” comes from the sutured palm leaves where the 195 aphorisms were written.

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10
Q

What did Patanjali do?

A

Wrote the 195 aphorisms as a road map (gave them classical form). He wrote them on the palm leaves/sutures (sutra!). He was the author of the yoga sutras and the Eight Limb Path. First to systemize teachings of yoga.

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11
Q

What was the purpose of traditional yoga?

A

To quiet the mind to allow for the ability to worship God.

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12
Q

What is dualism?

A

A philosophy that separates consciousness and matter.

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13
Q

In dualism, what is “consciousness” or “spirit” called?

A

Purusha

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14
Q

In dualism, what is “matter” or “nature” called?

A

Prakriti

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15
Q

What is another word for dualism?

A

Dvaita

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16
Q

What level of spiritual awakening will one achieve in dualism?

A

Sabikalpa Samadhi

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17
Q

What are vedas?

A

Songs and hymns to reveal the mysteries of the universe.

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18
Q

What are upanishads?

A

Interpretation and revelations of the vedas. Supplied the basis of later Hindu philosophies. Word of mouth from teacher to student.

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19
Q

What is the Bhagavad-Gita?

A

Means “The Lord’s Song”. It is one of the episodes of the Mahabharata where Krishna teaches his disciple Arguna lessons of life through Karma, Bhakti and Jnana yogas practices. (Story between man and god: Krishna is considered to be god reincarnated.)

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20
Q

In what era was the Bhagavad-Gita composed?

A

Pre-classical (1000 BCE - 100 CE)

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21
Q

Who is Bishnu (Vishnu) Ghosh?

A

Considered the Father of Hot Yoga, he wanted to create a practice that simulated the warm environment of Calcutta.

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22
Q

What is considered to be the post-classical era?

A

500 CE - today and beyond

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23
Q

Who is Paramahansa Yogananda?

A

Bishnu Ghosh’s guru and older brother.

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24
Q

Who was Parmahansa Yogananda’s guru?

A

Swami Sri Yukteswar

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25
Q

Who is Vishnu?

A

Vishnu (The Sustainer) is the most popular deity in Hinduism.

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26
Q

What are Vishnu worshipers called?

A

Vaishists or Vaishnavas

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27
Q

What are the three forms of the Indic Trilogy?

A

Brahma (The Creator), Vishnu (The Sustainer) and Shiva (The Destroyer). Shiva is the Lord of Yoga.

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28
Q

What are Shiva worshipers called?

A

Shaivists

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29
Q

What is Brahman?

A

God, The Absolute or expansion. (The root “Brih” means to expand.)

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30
Q

Who is Brahman’s female counterpart?

A

Sarasvati, the goddess of knowledge, speech and fine arts.

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31
Q

Who is Vishnu’s female counterpart?

A

Lakshmi, the goddess of good fortune, wealth and she attracts the minds of yogis by her beauty.

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32
Q

Who is Shiva?

A

The Destroyer, the Lord of Yoga

33
Q

Who is Shiva’s female counterpart?

A

Parvati aka Uma, the mother of Ganesh. Represents Shakti, the feminine energy of the universe.

34
Q

What are the three sources for Vedanta?

A
  1. Brahma Sutras/Vedanta Sutras
  2. Upanishads
  3. Bhagavad-Gita
35
Q

Is Advaita Vedanta dualistic?

A

No, it is absolute monism. In Advaita Vedanta, Atman is the same as Brahman. Brahman is the basis of each human being spiritually interconnected.

36
Q

What is Atman?

A

The soul and self within each person.

37
Q

What is Brahman?

A

Supreme self, consciousness or Creator. It is without form, time or attribute. It is defined as undefined.

38
Q

What is moksha?

A

Liberation from sorrow.

39
Q

What is moksha in the context of Advaita Vedanta?

A

Liberation is the knowledge of self which is understanding that the self is Atman which is also Brahman.

40
Q

In Advaita Vedanta, what is jnana?

A

The realization that our individual identity is an illusion.

41
Q

In Advaita Vedanta, what is maya?

A

The world we perceive is unreal: that which exists but is constantly changing and thus spiritually unreal. An illusion.

42
Q

What is avidya?

A

Illusion arising from ignorance (ignorance of the true self).

43
Q

What is “neti neti”?

A

“Not this, not that”. It is the idea that the Brahman cannot be described as qualities or attributes.

44
Q

What is soteriology?

A

The removal of suffering and granting of salvation.
1. From what am I being saved?
2. To what condition do I move when I am saved?
3. How is salvation accomplished?
4. From what sources does significant information derive?

45
Q

What is monism?

A

A philosophy that is all encompassing of both the mental and physical (the mental and physical can be considered one). Consciousness arises through interaction with the physical world.

46
Q

What is pluralism?

A

Three or more entities that constitute nature. Heart, soul, physicality and higher consciousness are all considered separate.

47
Q

What is dualism?

A

Consciousness and matter are different. Salvation happens when the two entities are separated.

48
Q

What is karma?

A

Every action has a counter action; the karmic cycle is seen as a source of suffering.

49
Q

How do you release yourself from the cycle of karma and what religion practices with this idea in mind?

A

No action; Jainism

50
Q

What is samsara?

A

A belief in birth and rebirth. In Buddhism, this cycle is circular.

51
Q

What are the two natural curves in the spine?

A

Lordotic and kyphotic

52
Q

What does the Vagus nerve do?

A

Regulates the endocrine system.

53
Q

What is the action of the spine in a backbend?

A

Extension

54
Q

What is the action of the gluteus maximus?

A

Rotation

55
Q

What is the action of the gluteus medius?

A

Adduction

56
Q

What are the four components of Yin yoga?

A
  1. Feeling awareness
  2. Mind stillness
  3. Gentle edge
  4. 3-5 minutes
57
Q

What does “yoga” mean?

A

To yoke

58
Q

What is sanskrit?

A

A base language; means “to stitch together”

59
Q

What does “nidra” mean?

A

Sleep

60
Q

What is yoga nidra?

A

Guided meditation usually practiced lying down and higher mental states. Originally, yoga nidra referred to a goddess (higher mind states).

61
Q

What is a chakra?

A

Wheel of energy

62
Q

What are the seven chakras?

A
  1. Root
  2. Navel
  3. Solar
  4. Heart
  5. Throat
  6. Third Eye
  7. Crown
63
Q

What are Patanjali’s eight limbs?

A
  1. Yama
  2. Niyama
  3. Asana
  4. Pranayama
  5. Pratyahara
  6. Dharana
  7. Dhyana
  8. Samadhi
64
Q

What is Yama?

A

Attitudes towards others and environment.

65
Q

What is Niyama?

A

Attitudes towards ourselves.

66
Q

What is Asana?

A

Posture; “seat”

67
Q

What is Pranayama?

A

Breath expansion and retention.

68
Q

What is Pratyahara?

A

Withdrawl of senses.

69
Q

What is Dharana?

A

Concentration

70
Q

What is Dhyana?

A

Meditation

71
Q

What is Samadhi?

A

Union

72
Q

What are Yamas?

A

Attitudes towards others and our environment

73
Q

What are the five Yamas?

A
  1. Ahimsa
  2. Satya
  3. Asteya
  4. Brahmacharya
  5. Aparigraha
74
Q

What is Ahimsa?

A

Nonviolence

75
Q

What is Satya?

A

Truth in communication (speech, writing, gesture, action)

76
Q

What is Asteya?

A

Non-covetousness: resist the desire for what does not belong to us.

77
Q

What is Brahmacharya?

A

Moderation in actions

78
Q

What is Aparigraha?

A

Non-greediness: ability to accept only what is given.

79
Q

What are Niyamas?

A

Attitudes towards ourselves

Bodē YTT (3 decks)

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