OTC veterinary medicines [completed] Flashcards
Who sets out UK control on veterinary medicines?
Veterinary Medicines Regulations (VMR)
- regulations for manufacture, advertising, marketing, supply and administration
What are the legal classes of vet meds?
POM-V, POM-VPS, NFA-VPS, AVM-GSL
What is POM-V?
veterinary surgeon only
must be on written prescription
supplied by veterinary surgeon or pharmacist
What is POM-VPS
Prescribed and supplied by veterinary surgeon, pharmacist or suitably qualified person.
Must be on written prescription IF SUPPLIER IS DIFFERENT TO PRESCRIBER
What is NFA-VPS?
Non food animal - supplied by vet, pharmacist or SQP
WRITTEN PRESCRIPTION IS NOT NEEDED
What is AVM-GSL?
Authorised veterinary medicine- general sales list
What is an SQP?
Someone who is suitably trained and qualified to supply certain medicines.
Registered with AMTRA
Who may be considered as an SQP?
Veterinary nurses
Agricultural merchants
Pet shop personnel
Internet retailers
Who is responsible for the supply of any veterinary medicines from a pharmacy?
The pharmacist
Physical presence of the pharmacist is required for the supply of which types of vet meds?
POM-V, POM-VPS, NFA-VPS
When may physical presence of the pharmacist may not be need when supplying POM-V, POM-VPS, NFA-VPS?
If a transaction has been authorised in advance by the pharmacist
If the person handing out the medicine is competent
What is the veterinary cascade?
Cascade which allows a vet surgeon to prescribe an unauthorised medicine that would otherwise not be permitted
What must a veterinary surgeon do before prescribing under the cascade?
Obtain owners consent
Consider risk vs benefit on animal, owner, person administering, environment etc
Outline the veterinary cascade.
Supply licensed vet med
Licensed vet med for different species or different condition
A licensed human med OR an EU-licensed vet me
Extemporaneous preparation s/special manufacturing
Who can a POM-V be advertised to?
Vet surgeons
Vet nurses
Pharmacist
Professional keepers of animals (not ABx)
OR AS A PRICE LIST
Who can a POM-VPS be advertised to?
Vet surgeons
Pharmacists
SQPs
Other veterinary healthcare professions
Professional keepers of animals
OR AS A PRICE LIST
Who can NFA-VPS and AVM-GSL be advertised to?
Anyone as long as advertisement is not misleading and claims taken directly from SPC
Who can diagnose a pet with a disease?
Vet or owner
What can a pharmacist/pharmacist staff do in the diagnosis of a disease?
Cannot diagnose but can respond to a request to treat a condition or for a product by name.
Worms are the most common intestinal parasite in animals. How can an animal get worms?
Coming into contact with infected animals
Eating worm eggs or larvae
Eating raw meat
What can worms in animals lead to?
Distress, illness and death
What is the most common type of worm in animals?
Roundworm
How big is the risk of animal worms spreading to humans?
Very small
How can humans prevent being infected by animal worms?
Pick up faeces with a scoop and make sure hands are washed thoroughly before eating and after touching pets
What are some symptoms of worms in pets?
Licking anus or dragging bottom across ground to relieve itching
Worms on examination of faeces
Weight loss
Weakness
increases appetite
Diarrhoea
Severe cases: distended abdomen
How often should puppies and kittens be dewormed?
Every two weeks from the age of two weeks
How often should female dogs and cats be wormed?
routinely before mating
Should only be dewormed whilst pregnant under vets direction
How often should adult dogs and cats be wormed?
every 1-3 months
Treatment against fleas offers protection against tapeworm
What classification is drontal?
NFA-VPS licensed for dogs and cats.
Does Drontal need a prescription?
No it is NFA VPS
What is the normal dose of drontal?
57.5mg/kg for pyrantel embonate and 5mg/kg praziquantel
1 Drontal cat tablet per 4kg body weight.
1 Drontal Cat XL tablet per 6kg of body weight
How should drontal be given?
Give suspension/tablet directly to animal or hide in food.
Wash hands after administration
What should be done in the event of heavy roundworm infestations in pets?
A repeat dose after 14 days.
How else can worms be prevented in pets?
disinfect food and water bowls and toys regularly
Pick faeces up promptly and carefuly
What is lungworm?
A parasiet that live in the pet’s heart and blood vessels that supply the LUNG.
How is lung worm transmitted?
Larave present in fox or dog faeces.
Snails, slugs or frogs eat the faeces and become hosts.
Dogs eats slug, snail or frog and becomes infected.
Cycle restarts
What are the symptoms of lungworm in pets?
Coughing
Poor appetite
Breathing difficulties
Upset stomach
diarrhoea
Weight loss
Tiredness
Depression
Unexplained bruising
Pale, bleeding gums
Are lungworm infections more common in cats or dogs?
More common in dogs AND MORE SEVERE
Can lungworm from pets infect humans?
NO BUT ROUNDWORMS CAN
What is panacur and what is its legal classification?
Panacur is a wormer for cats and dogs for lungworm. It is an NFA-VPS.
Active ingredient is febendazole.
What is granofen and what is its legal classification?
Wormer for cats and dogs for lungworm. It is an NFA-VPS.
Active ingredient is febendazole.
What is Milpro/Milbactor?
POM-V NOT NFA-VPS
Wormer used to treat lungworm in dogs and cats.
ACTIVE INGREDIENTS ARE milbemycin oxide and praziquantel.
What are fleas?
Parasites
Where are fleas mostly found?
95% found in the environment - beds, carpets etc
Where can animals pick up fleas from?
ANYWHERE
What are some signs that an animal has fleas?
Scratching
Bald patches
Redness and irritation
Thickened skin
Flea dust - add water on tissue and turns red
Human has insect bites too
What are the complications of flea?
Intense itching and scratching
Hair loss
Thin coat
Red inflamed skin
Dermatitis - pet is allergic to flea saliva (must be diagnosed by vet)
Restlessness
What is a tick?
A small spider like paarsite that sucks blood from pets by climbing into there coat.
Where are ticks commonly found?
Woodlands, grasslands and sometimes urban areas
Are cats or dogs more likely to get ticks?
Dogs
What are some complications of ticks?
Redness
Irritation
Abscess formation
Transmission of diseases such as Lyme disease
What can be used to treat fleas?
Advantage spot treatment
NFA-VPS
Fleas killed within one day.
Need to use monthly
dog, cat and rabbit
What can be used to treat fleas AND ticks?
Frontline
NFA-VPS (Front line combo spot on is POM-V)
dog and cat
What is frontline dose based on and how often is it administered?
Based on weight and given monthly
What is different between front line spot on application for cats and dogs?
Cats - 2 places
Dogs - 1 place
What counselling needs to be given to owners for frontline spot on?
Do not smoke drink or eat during application
Wash hands after use
Handle pet as soon as application site is dry
Wait 48 hours before bathing or letting pet swim
Reapply MONTHLY
How can the home be treated to prevent flea infestations?
Regularly vacuum home
Wash pet bedding above 60
Flea spray for house such as RIP FLEA
