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Test 3B Saturday > Osteoporosis and Arthritis > Flashcards

Osteoporosis and Arthritis Flashcards

1
Q

A condition in which BMD is lower than normal

A

Osteopenia

Bone Weakness

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2
Q

BMD is significantly reduced

A

Osteoporosis

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3
Q

Osteoporosis

A

BMD of -2.5

Bone loss

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4
Q

Research has shown that the risk of _ fractures _ every _ years in _ women older than the age of _

A 
hip
doubles
5
postmenopausal 
50
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5
Q

Types of Osteoporosis: Type I

A

Estrogen deficiency
common in women during menopause
onset at age 50
trabecular bone loss (spongy bone)
most common fracture site are the vertebrae and wrist
can participate in regular exercise routine

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6
Q

Types of Osteoporosis: Type II

A

vitamin D deficiency
onset at age 70
trabecular and cortical bone loss (compact bone)
most common fracture sites are the vertebrae and hip
may NOT be able to participate in regular exercise routine

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7
Q

Resistance training should be performed in a

A

seated or standing position. Phases 1 and 2 of the OPT model will be appropriate for this population

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8
Q

Flexibility should be limited to

A

static and active stretching. The use of SMR should not be used for this population.

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9
Q

Focus on _ _ exercise, but use caution

A

load-bearing

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10
Q

Cardio

Osteoporosis

A

treadmill walking

weight bearing exercise

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11
Q

Frequency

Osteoporosis

A

2-5 times per week

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12
Q

Int%

Osteoporosis

A

50-90% MHR (different from Karvonen)

progress through stages conservatively

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13
Q

Time

Osteoporosis

A

20-60 minutes or 8-10 minute increments

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14
Q

RT

Osteoporosis

A

2-3 times a week
1-3 sets
8-20 reps
up to 85% (focusing on hypertrophy for BMD
Progress through phases of OPT conservatively

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15
Q

Special Considerations

Osteoporosis

A

progress to free sitting (no back support) or standing exercises as quickly as possible
focus on hips, legs, back and arms
avoid excessive spinal loading (squat and leg press)
Avoid Valsalva Maneuver

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16
Q

An inflammatory condition that mainly affects the joints of the body. It is the leading cause of disability among U.S. adults

A

Arthritis

17
Q

Types of Arthritis

A 
Osteoarthritis (OA)
Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA, Rheumatism)
18
Q

Osteoarthritis (OA) Common Causes

A

overuse stress
leads to loss of cartilage
leads to bone on bone contact
results in inflammation

19
Q

Osteoarthritis is the _ common form

A

most

20
Q

Osteoarthritis occurs in _ % of adult _ and _% of adult _

A

15% females

11% males

21
Q

Osteoarthritis majority in those aged

A

55+

22
Q

Osteoarthritis _ joint condition

A

Degenerative

23
Q

Osteoarthritis deterioration of _ cartilage

A

articular

24
Q

Osteoarthritis formation of _ or _ within the joint

A

spurs or knobs

25
Q

Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA, Rheumatism) (5)

A 
least common form
occurs in 5% of all adults
autoimmune disease
affects joints and other body systems
leads to osteoporosis, muscle atrophy, joint deformity
26
Q

Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA, Rheumatism) causes _ with movement

A

pain

27
Q

RA may cause

A

grip weakness

28
Q

RA can also cause decrease in

A

fitness

29
Q

RA has cycles of _ symptoms flare ups and _

A

painful

remission

30
Q

RA common causes

A

abnormal functioning of T-cells
leads to destruction of joint tissues
leads to thickening of synovial lining

31
Q

RA common treatment

A

drug therapy

exercise

32
Q

Cardio

Arthritis

A

treadmill walking
stationary cycling
rowing
low impact aerobics

33
Q

Frequency

Arthritis

A

3-5 times a week

34
Q

Int%

Arthritis

A

60-80% (standard equation)

Stage I primarily at first

35
Q

Time

Arthritis

A

30 minutes

36
Q

RT

Arthritis

A

1-3 sets
10-12 reps
2-3 times a week
phase I of OPT primarily

37
Q

Special Considerations

Arthritis

A

avoid heavy lifting and high repetitions
stay in pain free ROM
SMR only if tolerated by the client
For RA, exercise during remission only

Test 3B Saturday (6 decks)

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