Osteomalacia

Question 1

Bone pain, tenderness and proximal myopathy (→ waddling gait)=

(low vitamin d levels reduced serum calcium and phosphate but normal ALP levels)

Answer 1

→ osteomalacia

Question 2

What do the blood test indicate?

(low vitamin d levels reduced serum calcium and phosphate but normal ALP levels)

Answer 2

Osteomalacia

Question 3

What is osteomalacia?

Answer 3

softening of the bones secondary to low vitamin D levels that in turn lead to decreased bone mineral content.

With children it is mainly called Rickets!

Question 4

What is osteomalacia in children called?

Answer 4

Rickets

Question 5

What are causes of osteomalacia?

Answer 5

vitamin D deficiency
- malabsorption
- lack of sunlight
- diet

chronic kidney disease

drug induced e.g. anticonvulsants
inherited: hypophosphatemic rickets (previously called vitamin D-resistant rickets)

liver disease: e.g. cirrhosis

coeliac disease

Question 6

In the question which asked what causes osteomalacia- it said drug induced anticonvulsants… what is that and what’s the examples?

Answer 6

• group drugs that treats epilepsy

Barbartuates
Hydantoin
Oxazolidine Diones
Succinimides
Gaba- Gabapentin, Valproate
Benzodiazepines
Urea and monoacyl ureas- carbamazepine