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Reproductive Anatomy > Osteology of the Pelvis > Flashcards

Osteology of the Pelvis Flashcards

1
Q

What are the functions of the pelvis?

A
  1. Weight transfer – from axial to lower appendicular skeleton
  2. Withstand compression and other forces
  3. Provide attachment for powerful muscles
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2
Q

Name the bones that make up the bony pelvis in a mature person?

A
  1. Hip bones
    • Ilium
    • Ischium
    • Pubis
  2. Sacrum – 5 fused sacral vertebrae
  3. Coccyx – 4 fused coccygeal vertebrae
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3
Q

Describe the bones of the bony pelvis in an infant?

A

hip bones consist of 3 separate bones (ilium, ischium and pubis) united by cartilage at acetabulum
- Fuses at Puberty

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4
Q

Another name for hip bones in an infant is?

A

coxal bones or innominate bones

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5
Q

Name the 4 pelvic joints?

A 
1. Pubic symphysis 
– joins two hip bones together
2. Sacroiliac joint 
– joins hip bones to sacrum
3. Lumbosacral joint
– joins vertebrae to sacrum 
4. Sacrococcygeal joint
– joins sacrum to coccyx
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6
Q

Name the parts of the ilium?

A
  1. ala – wing
  2. Iliac crest
  3. Anterior and posterior superior + inferior iliac spines
  4. Iliac fossa
  5. Body – forms acetabulum
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7
Q

Name the parts of the ischium?

A
  1. Body – forms the acetabulum
  2. Ramus – forms obturator foramen
  3. Ischial tuberosity
  4. Ischial spine – posterior projection between body and ramus
  5. Lesser sciatic notch – concavity between ischial tuberosity and spine
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8
Q

Name the parts of the pubis?

A
  1. superior ramus – form acetabulum
  2. Inferior ramus – form obturator foramen
  3. Pubic crest – anterior thickening of the body
  4. Pubic tubercle – lateral prominent bump
  5. Pecten tubercle (Pectineal line of pubis) – oblique ridge on the ramus
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9
Q

The bony pelvis is divided into what 2 regions?

A
  1. Greater pelvis (false pelvis, pelvis major)
  2. Lesser pelvis (true pelvis, pelvis minor)
    - separated by an oblique plane that forms the pelvic inlet
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10
Q

Describe the location of the greater pelvis and its contents?

A
  • Superior to pelvic inlet
  • Location for abdominal viscera
    e. g. ileum and sigmoid colon
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11
Q

What are the boundaries of the greater pelvis?

A
  1. Anteriorly – abdominal wall
  2. Posterior laterally – iliac fossa
  3. Posteriorly – L5 and S1 vert.
  4. Inferior – pelvic inlet
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12
Q

Describe the location of the lesser pelvis and its contents?

A
  • Between pelvic inlet and outlet
  • Forms the pelvic canal (birth canal)
  • Location of pelvic viscera e.g. urinary bladder + reproductive organs
  • Major obstetrical and gynecological significance
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13
Q

Describe the boundaries of the lesser pelvis?

A
  1. Bounded by pelvic surfaces of hip bones and sacrum + coccyx
  2. Limited inferiorly by musculofascial pelvic diaphragm
    Note: this is true pelvic cavity - abdominopelvic cavity
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14
Q

Describe the pelvic inlet (oblique plane)?

A
  • passes from the sacral promontory to terminal lines (lineae terminales)
  • Its edges (or rim) forms the pelvic brim
  • Oblique plane forms an angle of 55 degrees to the horizontal
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15
Q

What are the boundaries to the pelvic inlet?

A
  1. Anterior - superior margin of pubic symphysis
  2. Posterior - sacral promontory + sacral ala
  3. Lateral - Arcuate line of ilium + pectineal line on superior pubic ramus
  4. Inferior- pelvic diaghram
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16
Q

What are the boundaries of the pelvic outlet?

A
  1. Anterior – inferior margin of the pubic symphysis (pubic arch)
  2. Anterolateral – inferior rami of pubis and ischial tuberosities
  3. Posterolateral– sacrotuberous ligament
  4. Posterior – tip of coccyx
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17
Q

Describe the pelvis orientation in anatomical position?

A

Anterior superior iliac spines and anterior aspect of pubic symphysis lie in the same vertical plane
Note: Pelvic canal curves obliquely posteriorly

18
Q

What is the pubic arch?

A

formed by the conjoint rami of pubis and ischium of the two sides

19
Q

What is the subpubic angle?

A

The rami meet at pubic symphysis to form the Subpubic angle

20
Q

Compare the general structure of the bony pelvis of a male and female?

A

male - thick and heavy

female - thin and light

21
Q

Compare the greater pelvis of a male and female?

A

male - deep

female - shallow

22
Q

Compare the lesser pelvis of a male and female?

A

male - narrow and deep

female - wide and shallow

23
Q

Compare the shape of the pelvic inlet of a male and female?

A

male - heart shaped

female - oval and rounded

24
Q

Compare the pelvic outlet of a male and female?

A

male - comparatively small

female - comparatively large

25
Q

Compare the subpubic angle of a male and female?

A

male - narrow

female - wide

26
Q

Compare the obturator foramen of a male and female?

A

male - round

female - oval

27
Q

Compare the acetabulum of a male and female?

A

male - large

female - small

28
Q

Name the different types of pelves?

A
  1. gynecoid
  2. android
  3. anthropoid
  4. platypelloid
29
Q

Describe the gynecoid pelvis?

A

is the normal female type

  • Rounded oval shaped
  • max transverse diameter
30
Q

Describe the android pelvis?

A

masculine funnel shaped

31
Q

Describe the anthropoid pelvis?

A

long conjugate diameter and short transverse diameter

32
Q

Describe the platypelloid pelvis?

A

wide transverse diameter

33
Q

What is the function of pelvic meausrements?

A
  1. To determine capacity (size and shape) of female pelvis for child birth
  2. Use in forensic medicine
34
Q

What techniques can be used to take pelvic measurements?

A
  1. Radiographically

2. Physical examination

35
Q

What are the pelvic measurements that can be taken?

A
  1. transverse diameter
  2. true conjugate diameter
  3. inter-spinous diameter
  4. sub-pubic angle
36
Q

What is transverse diameter?

A

maximum distance between the pectineal lines of the pelvic brim

37
Q

What is true conjugate diameter?

A

line joining sacral promontory to the superior margins of the pubic symphysis
- obstetrical

38
Q

What is interspinous diameter?

A

distance between tips of ischial spines

- Narrowest part of the pelvic canal

39
Q

What is the sub-pubic angle?

A

formed by rami of pubic bones

40
Q

Which pelvic measurements are taken in determination of female pelvis for child bearing?

A
  1. Diameters of lesser pelvis
  2. Interspinous distance
  3. True conjugate diameter
41
Q

Weak areas of the pelvis are?

A
  1. Pubic rami
  2. Acetabula
  3. Region of sacroiliac joint
  4. Alae of the ilium

Reproductive Anatomy (16 decks)

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