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Reproductive Anatomy > Blood Vessels of the Pelvis > Flashcards

Blood Vessels of the Pelvis Flashcards

1
Q

What is the main arterial blood supply of the pelvis?

A

common iliac artery

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2
Q

The common iliac arteries divide at the brim of the pelvis into?

A
  1. internal iliac arteries.

2. external iliac arteries

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3
Q

Describe the course of internal iliac arteries?

A

The internal iliac arteries enter the pelvis by running inferiorly and posteriorly to the lower part of the greater sciatic foramen

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4
Q

The internal iliac arteries divides into?

A
  1. anterior division - visceral

2. posterior division – buttocks and medial thigh

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5
Q

What are the branches of the anterior division of the internal iliac artery?

A
  1. umbilical artery
  2. obturator artery
  3. Inferior vesical (in males)and middle rectal arteries
  4. the uterine artery
  5. vaginal artery
  6. internal pudendal artery
  7. inferior gluteal artery
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6
Q

Describe the umbilical artery?

A
  • first branch from anterior division of the internal iliac
  • runs antero-inferiorly between urinary bladder and lateral pelvis.
  • branches into superior vesical artery(s) that supply the fundus of the urinary bladder
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7
Q

Describe the obturator artery?

A
  • Next branch of the anterior division
  • Crossed by ureter.
  • Joins with the obturator nerve on the obturator internus and leaves the pelvis via the upper part of the obturator foramen along with veins
  • Artery may arise from the inferior epigastric and runs down posterior to pubis to join the nerve
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8
Q

Describe the clinical correlates of the obturator artery?

A

vulnerable in hernia operation because it lies posterior to the lacunar ligament

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9
Q

The obturator artery supplies?

A

medial muscles of the thigh

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10
Q

The obturator artery within the pelvis branches into?

A
  1. pubic branch

2. Muscular branch

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11
Q

Describe the vesical and middle rectal arteries?

A
  • May arise independently or from a common trunk

- former may be replaced by the vaginal artery in the female

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12
Q

The inferior vesical and middle rectal arteries supply?

A
  • inferior aspect of the male bladder
  • ductus differens
  • seminal vesicle and inferior part of the rectum
  • seminal vesicles
  • prostate
  • vagina
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13
Q

Describe the uterine artery?

A
  • Replaces the artery of the ductus differens in males.
  • The uterine artery passes anteriorly and superiorly to the ureter near the lateral part of the fornix of the vagina
  • Enters the root of broad ligament
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14
Q

The uterine artery supplies?

A

uterus

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15
Q

Describe the clinical correlates of the uterine artery?

A

The uterine artery hypertrophies during pregnancy

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16
Q

Describe the vaginal artery?

A

usually replaces the inferior vesical artery of the male and passes below the ureter

17
Q

The vaginal artery supplies?

A
  • vagina
  • posteroiferiorly of urinary bladder
  • pelvic part of urethra
18
Q

Describe the internal pudendal artery?

A
  • terminal branch that leaves the pelvis through the greater sciatic notch below the piriformis
  • The internal pudendal artery crosses the spine of the ischium in the gluteal region and re-enters the ischioanal fossa through the lesser sciatic foramen, below the levator ani
19
Q

The pudendal artery supplies?

A

As it exits through pudendal canal, it gives branches to the deep and dorsal arteries of the penis and clitoris

20
Q

Describe the course of the inferior gluteal artery?

A

Inferior gluteal leaves the pelvis through the inferior part of the greater sciatic foramen between S1 and S2 sacral nerves and enter the gluteal region

21
Q

The inferior gluteal artery suppllies?

A
  1. pelvic diaphragm
  2. gluteus maximus
  3. posterior surface of the thigh
22
Q

Describe the posterior division of the internal iliac artery?

A
  • is directed to the upper part of the greater sciatic foramen.
  • 3 non-visceral branches leaving the pelvis by climbing over the brim and ascends in front of the sacrum
    1. iliolumber artery
    2. lateral sacral artery
    3. superior gluteal arteries
23
Q

Describe the course of the iliolumber artery?

A

anastomoses with the lumbar arteries

24
Q

The iliolumbar artery supplies?

A
  1. iliacus muscle
  2. ilium
  3. psoas major
  4. quadratus lumborum muscles
25
Q

Describe the course of the lateral sacral artery?

A

Enters sacral foramina, (may be double) and supplying contents of the sacral canal

26
Q

The lateral sacral artery supplies?

A

spinal meninges

27
Q

Describe the course of the superior gluteal arteries?

A

Enters through the greater sciatic foramen between lumbosacral trunk and S1

28
Q

The superior gluteal arteries supply?

A

gluteal muscles

29
Q

Describe the course of the ovarian artery?

A

comes from the aorta, passes from the side wall of the pelvis in the suspensory ligament and anastomoses with the uterine artery in the broad ligament

30
Q

The ovarian artery supplies?

A
  1. ovary

2. uterine tube

31
Q

Describe the course of the median sacral artery?

A
  • Arises from the posterior aspect of the abdominal aorta
  • Before it enters the lesser pelvis it gives off a pair of 5th lumbal arteries
  • Ends in a series of anastomotic loops.
  • Represents ends of embryonic dorsal aorta
32
Q

Describe the course of the superior rectal artery?

A
  • Direct cont. of inferior mesenteric artery
  • At level of S3, divides into left and right rectal arteries
  • Anastomoses with branches of
    1. middle rectal (branch of internal iliac artery)
    2. inferior rectal ( branch of internal pudendal)
33
Q

Describe the course of the pelvic veins?

A
34
Q

Describe the relationships between the ductus deferens or round ligament of the uterus?

A
  • they may be superimposed on the vessels lying under the peritoneum
  • It enters the deep ring lateral to the inferior epigastric artery and then crosses the obliterated umbilical artery, the obturator artery and the ureter
35
Q

Describe the relationships of the ureter?

A
  • crosses external iliac vessels and anterior branches of the internal iliac artery, lying close to the internal iliac artery at first
  • It then runs medially, passing superior to the lateral fornix of the vagina and enters the bladder
36
Q

Describe the relationships of the ovarian fossa?

A
  • external iliac vessels superiorly, obliterated umbilical artery anteriorly, ureter and internal iliac vessels posteriorly
  • Obturator nerve and vessels are lateral to it

Reproductive Anatomy (16 decks)

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