Osteology: Exam 2 Flashcards
The CMC1 joint of the thumb is highly mobile because it is a double sellar joint.
True
This is a powerful extensor of the forearm. It can also stabilize the shoulder joint and assist in arm adduction.
Triceps. Anconeus is a forearm extensor, but not powerful. Therefore,
None of these are correct:
brachioradialis, anconeus, brachiali, biceps brachii
This muscle lies deep to the scapula and is a prime mover to hold the scapula against the chest wall.
Serratus anterior
The anterior cruciate ligament of the knee prevents anterior displacement of the tibia.
True
This muscle can flex any or all of the fingers and is the only muscle that can flex the DIP joints
Flexor digitorum profundus
The shape of the bones (distal tibia/ fibula and talus) do not contribute significantly to the stability of the ankle joint.
False. The shape of the distal tibia, distal fibula, and talus contribute significantly to the stability of the ankle joint.
This is a powerful flexor of the wrist and also helps to adduct the hand.
Flexor carpi ulnaris
The energy required to maintain a bipedal stance is about twice that of the energy expended while lying flat.
False. A bipedal stance requires approximately 7% more energy than lying flat.
This muscle aids in opposition of the little finger.
Opponens digiti minimi
This muscle can raise, retract, and rotate the scapula.
Trapezius
The names of muscles often indicate the action of the muscle. When the term elevator is part of the descriptive term for a muscle’s action, this means:
The muscle elevates and/or adducts a region
This muscle abducts the thumb at the CMC joint.
Abductor pollicis brevis
This is a powerful flexor of the wrist and also helps to abduct the hand.
Flexor carpi radialis
This muscle flexes the distal phalanx of the thumb.
Flexor pollicis longus
This muscle is a prime mover of arm extension. It plays an important role in bringing the arm downward in a power stroke, as in rowing.
Latissimus dorsi
The IP joint of the fingers lack strong collateral ligaments, the joint stability being afforded solely by their joint shapes.
False
These muscles are apart of the rotator cuff:
Infraspinatus, teres minor, supraspinatus, subscapularis (Teres major is NOT apart of the rotator cuff)
This muscle stabilizes the elbow during rapid flexion and extension.
Brachioradialis
Which ligament holds the rib into the demifacet on the vertebral body
Triradiate
The lumbar curve of the spine is also referred to as kyphosis.
False. Lordosis is the normal curve of the spine. Kyphosis is “hunch-back”.
Which vertebral region has the most mobility?
The cervical vertebrae
Which muscle or muscles are part of the thenar eminence?
Opponens pollicis. Thenar eminence muscles include: abductor pollicis brevis, flexor pollicis brevis, and opponens pollicis.
The external oblique can compress the abdominal wall.
True
This is the prime mover of arm abduction. It forms the bulk of the shoulder mass.
Deltoid
This muscle extends the thumb.
Extensor pollicis brevis and Extensor policis longus
Quadratus lumborum is lateral flexor of the trunk.
True
This muscle covers most of the chest and is a prime mover of arm flexion. It rotates the are medially and can adduct the arm against resistance.
Pectoralis major
These muscles allow you to flex your fingers at your MCP joints but also extend your fingers at your IP joints.
Lumbricals
This muscle helps stabilize and depress the pectoral girdle
Subclavius
Of the muscles listed, the most superficial one is:
External oblique:
rectus, abdominis, external oblique, internal oblique, transverse abdominis
This muscle can extend the wrist:
All: Extensor carpi ulnaris, extensor carpi radialis brevis, extensor carpi radialis longus, extensor digitorum
These muscles are deep to trapezius and act to retract the scapula to help square the shoulders. They can also rotate the glenoid fossa downwards.
Rhomboids
Short muscles of the hand include the following muscle groups:
Thenar eminence muscles, hypothenar eminence muscles, interosseous muscles, adductor pollicis, and the lumbricals
Muscles that elevate the arm are:
Trapezius, serrates anterior, supraspinatus, deltoid, and pectorals major.
Muscles that lower the arm are:
Levator scapulae, rhomboids, latissimus dorsi, and pectoralis minor.
Small muscles of the shoulder are:
Infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis, teres major coracobrachialis.
Joints and ligaments of the pectoral girdle are:
sternoclavicular ligament, sternoclavicular joint, costoclavicular ligament, subclass, conoid ligament, trapezoid ligament, acromioclaicular joint, acromioclavicular ligament, coracoacromial ligament.