Osteology: Exam 2

Question 1

The CMC1 joint of the thumb is highly mobile because it is a double sellar joint.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

This is a powerful extensor of the forearm. It can also stabilize the shoulder joint and assist in arm adduction.

Answer 2

Triceps. Anconeus is a forearm extensor, but not powerful. Therefore,
None of these are correct:
brachioradialis, anconeus, brachiali, biceps brachii

Question 3

This muscle lies deep to the scapula and is a prime mover to hold the scapula against the chest wall.

Answer 3

Serratus anterior

Question 4

The anterior cruciate ligament of the knee prevents anterior displacement of the tibia.

Answer 4

True

Question 5

This muscle can flex any or all of the fingers and is the only muscle that can flex the DIP joints

Answer 5

Flexor digitorum profundus

Question 6

The shape of the bones (distal tibia/ fibula and talus) do not contribute significantly to the stability of the ankle joint.

Answer 6

False. The shape of the distal tibia, distal fibula, and talus contribute significantly to the stability of the ankle joint.

Question 7

This is a powerful flexor of the wrist and also helps to adduct the hand.

Answer 7

Flexor carpi ulnaris

Question 8

The energy required to maintain a bipedal stance is about twice that of the energy expended while lying flat.

Answer 8

False. A bipedal stance requires approximately 7% more energy than lying flat.

Question 9

This muscle aids in opposition of the little finger.

Answer 9

Opponens digiti minimi

Question 10

This muscle can raise, retract, and rotate the scapula.

Answer 10

Trapezius

Question 11

The names of muscles often indicate the action of the muscle. When the term elevator is part of the descriptive term for a muscle’s action, this means:

Answer 11

The muscle elevates and/or adducts a region

Question 12

This muscle abducts the thumb at the CMC joint.

Answer 12

Abductor pollicis brevis

Question 13

This is a powerful flexor of the wrist and also helps to abduct the hand.

Answer 13

Flexor carpi radialis

Question 14

This muscle flexes the distal phalanx of the thumb.

Answer 14

Flexor pollicis longus

Question 15

This muscle is a prime mover of arm extension. It plays an important role in bringing the arm downward in a power stroke, as in rowing.

Answer 15

Latissimus dorsi

Question 16

The IP joint of the fingers lack strong collateral ligaments, the joint stability being afforded solely by their joint shapes.

Answer 16

False

Question 17

These muscles are apart of the rotator cuff:

Answer 17

Infraspinatus, teres minor, supraspinatus, subscapularis (Teres major is NOT apart of the rotator cuff)

Question 18

This muscle stabilizes the elbow during rapid flexion and extension.

Answer 18

Brachioradialis

Question 19

Which ligament holds the rib into the demifacet on the vertebral body

Answer 19

Triradiate

Question 20

The lumbar curve of the spine is also referred to as kyphosis.

Answer 20

False. Lordosis is the normal curve of the spine. Kyphosis is “hunch-back”.

Question 21

Which vertebral region has the most mobility?

Answer 21

The cervical vertebrae

Question 22

Which muscle or muscles are part of the thenar eminence?

Answer 22

Opponens pollicis. Thenar eminence muscles include: abductor pollicis brevis, flexor pollicis brevis, and opponens pollicis.

Question 23

The external oblique can compress the abdominal wall.

Answer 23

True

Question 24

This is the prime mover of arm abduction. It forms the bulk of the shoulder mass.

Answer 24

Deltoid

Question 25

This muscle extends the thumb.

Answer 25

Extensor pollicis brevis and Extensor policis longus

Question 26

Quadratus lumborum is lateral flexor of the trunk.

Answer 26

True

Question 27

This muscle covers most of the chest and is a prime mover of arm flexion. It rotates the are medially and can adduct the arm against resistance.

Answer 27

Pectoralis major

Question 28

These muscles allow you to flex your fingers at your MCP joints but also extend your fingers at your IP joints.

Answer 28

Lumbricals

Question 29

This muscle helps stabilize and depress the pectoral girdle

Answer 29

Subclavius

Question 30

Of the muscles listed, the most superficial one is:

Answer 30

External oblique: | rectus, abdominis, external oblique, internal oblique, transverse abdominis

Question 31

This muscle can extend the wrist:

Answer 31

All: Extensor carpi ulnaris, extensor carpi radialis brevis, extensor carpi radialis longus, extensor digitorum

Question 32

These muscles are deep to trapezius and act to retract the scapula to help square the shoulders. They can also rotate the glenoid fossa downwards.

Answer 32

Rhomboids

Question 33

Short muscles of the hand include the following muscle groups:

Answer 33

Thenar eminence muscles, hypothenar eminence muscles, interosseous muscles, adductor pollicis, and the lumbricals

Question 34

Muscles that elevate the arm are:

Answer 34

Trapezius, serrates anterior, supraspinatus, deltoid, and pectorals major.

Question 35

Muscles that lower the arm are:

Answer 35

Levator scapulae, rhomboids, latissimus dorsi, and pectoralis minor.

Question 36

Small muscles of the shoulder are:

Answer 36

Infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis, teres major coracobrachialis.

Question 37

Joints and ligaments of the pectoral girdle are:

Answer 37

sternoclavicular ligament, sternoclavicular joint, costoclavicular ligament, subclass, conoid ligament, trapezoid ligament, acromioclaicular joint, acromioclavicular ligament, coracoacromial ligament.