Osteochondroma Malignant Transformation

Question 1

GLAD PaST

Answer 1

G - growth after skeletal immaturity
L - lucency
A - additional scintigraphic activity
D - destruction (cortical)

P - pain after puberty
And
S - soft tissue mass
T - thickened cartilage cap >1.5 cm

Question 2

RICKETS

Answer 2

R - reaction of periosteum
I - indistinct cortex
C - coarse trabeculation
K - knee, wrist, ankle mainly
E - epiphyseal plate widened and irregular
T - tremendous metaphysis
S - spur (metaphyseal)

Question 3

STARS - Osteonecrosis causes

Answer 3

S - steroid, SLE
T - trauma
A - alcohol excess, amyloid
R - radiation, RA, renal failure
S - sickle cell disease, Gaucherie disease

P - pancreatitis, pregnancy
I - idiopathic, Infection

Question 4

GOATS CSF - bone lesion with fluid fluid level

Answer 4

G - GCT
O - osteoblastoma
A - ABC
T - telangiectatic OS
S - sarcoma

C - chondroblastoma
S - simple bone cyst
F - fibroxanthoma

Question 5

Other features for TS

Answer 5

Renal cyst, RCC, oncoytoma, pancreatic meuroendocrine tumour
Lymphangiomyomatosis
Sclerotic bone lesion, bone cyst
Skin lesion: ash leaf spots, facial angiofibroma (adenoma sebaceum)

Question 6

Sturgeon-Weber syndrome - STURGEON CAPS

Answer 6

S - sporadic, seizure
T - tram-track gyriform calcification, trigeminal port wine stain
U - unilateral weakness (contralateral to facialnaevus)
R - retardation
G - glaucoma, GNAQ gene
E - epilepsy

C - calvarial thickening, choroid plexus enlargement
A - atrophy of ipsilateral cerebral hemisphere
P - pail angiomatosis
S - sinus enlargement

Other association: coarctation of aorta, paraganglioma

Question 7

Toxic leukoencephalopathy - CHOICES

Answer 7

C - chemotherapy
H - heroin
O - Other opioids
I - immunosuppression
C - cocaine
E - ethanol / environamental
S - splenial CLOC