Osteoarthritus Flashcards
what are Heberdin nodes?
nodes that appear on the distal phanlygeas of the hand
Characterized by?
- hyaline articular cartilage loss
- increasing thickness and sclerosis of the subchondral bony plate
- outgrowth of osteocytes
- stretching of the synovitis
- weakness of muscles bridging the joint
- meniscal degradation
What are the protective mechanisms of joints
- joint capsule and ligaments
- muscle
- sensory afferents
- underlying bone and cartilage
- synovial fluid: hyaluronic acid and lubrication
hereditary and genetic risk factors
GDF5 gene
Joint environment risk factors
Malaalignmnet between joints
-congenital dysplasia, legg-calve- perthes disease, slipped capital femoral epiphyseal
Standing varieties
- normal
- varus (legs spread)
- knock knees (valgus)
what is legg-calve- perthes disease (LCPD)
vascularization in an area dies (HIP)
what is hip dysphagia?
the socket is too small to properly fit into the socket and malalignment
what is slipped capital femoral epiphysis
a disorder of adolescents in which the growth plate is damaged and the femoral head moves (“slips”) with respect to the rest of the femur.
Pathophysiology of osteoarthritis
Chondycytes get old and lose ability to produce growth factors and increase cartilage synthesis however they don’t lose ability to break down cytokines and cause inflamamtion
role of VEGF
bone destruction through stimulating osteoclast recruitment
Ostephte formalation
where bones meet
what is spondylosis?
abnormal wear on bone and cartilage of neck
what is exostosis?
a benign noncancerous bone tumor
Review parts of an articular capsule on slide 22
synovial fluid
articular cartilage
fibrous capsule
synovial membrane
