Osteoarthritis Flashcards
1
Q
OA
A
chronic disease
- degenerative joint arthritis
- happens due to loss of cartilage
- affects = knees, hands and finger, shoulders and hips.
2
Q
OA pathophysiology
A
- cartilage matrix degradation - synthesis - loss of cartilage volume - loss of cartilage
- no initial inflammation
- bone remodelling/bone spurs
- joint space reduced
- inflammation in later stages
- chronic and progressive process
3
Q
Symptoms
A
- peripheral, asymmetrical
- joint pain
- stiffness
- decreased rom
- loss of flexibility
- tenderness
- swelling
- creaking or grinding noises
4
Q
Treatment
A
- aims to reduce pain
- aims to increase joint mobility
- minimise disease progression
- reduce weight
- reduce stress on joints
- exercise
4
Q
Risk Factors
A
- aging
- gender
- weight
- overuse
- past injury or surgery
- family history of OA
5
Q
Examination of joints
A
- bony swelling and joint deformity
- small to moderate joint effusion
- soft tissue swelling, warmth and/or tenderness
- muscle wasting and muscle weakness
- restricted and painful rom
- joint instability and misalignment
6
Q
Red Flag symptoms
A
- a joint or limb looks deformed with pain
- severe swelling, discolouration, red, hot joints or bleeding
- prolonged or severe morning fitness
- sudden or severe pain
- anyone who is on meds
- suspected fracture
- hot swollen joints
- rapid worsening of symptoms
- systemic upset and a history of trauma and cancer
7
Q
Self care
A
- exercise
- warm/cold can help ease pain
- physiotherapy
- comfortable shoes
- weight management
