Osteoarthritis Flashcards
- MOST COMMON TYPE OF ARTHRITIS
- LEADING CAUSE OF DISABILITY IN THE ELDERLY
- PREVALENCE RISES STRIKINGLY WITH AGE, BEING UNCOMMON IN ADULTS AGEDD <40 Y.O, HIGHLY PREVALENT TO AGES >60
Osteoarthritis
Usually spared joints in Osteoarthritis are the:
- wrist
- elbow
- ankle
Symptomatic OA of the knee (pain on most days of a recent month plus x-ray evidence of OA in that knee) occurs in 12% of persons age ___ in the United States and 6% of all adults age___
- > 60
- > 30
- is joint failure, a disease in which all structures of the joint have undergone
pathologic change, often in concert. - the pathologic sine qua non of disease is hyaline articular cartilage loss, present in a focal and, initially, nonuniform manner
- increasing thickness and sclerosis of the subchondral bony plate, by outgrowth of
osteophytes at the joint margin, by stretching of the articular capsule, by variable degrees of synovitis, and by weakness of muscles bridging the joint
OA
Joint protectors include:
- joint capsule and ligaments
- muscle
- sensory afferents
-underlying bone
- reduces friction between
articulating cartilage surfaces - hyaluronic acid and lubricin
Synovial fluid
bridge the joint are key joint protectors.
Muscles and tendons
Risk factors for osteoarthritis
- Previous damage (e.g..
meniscectomy) - Bridging muscle weakness
- increasing bone density
- Malalignment
- Proprioceptive deficiencies
- Increase age
- female gender
- racial/ethnic factors
- genetic susceptibility
- nutritional factors
- obesity
- injurious physical activities
rarely inherited and is more often a consequence of aging
“generalized OA”
confer a high risk of OA
polymorphism within the growth differentiation factor 5 (GDF5) gene
distortions of hip joint anatomy in children that often lead to
- congenital dysplasia
- Legg-Perthes disease
- slipped capital femoral epiphysis
recedes the development of disease and is not just a
consequence of the inactivity present in those with disease
- it Is a stronger risk factors for disease in women and men
- have more severe symptoms from the disease
Obesity
two categories of repetitive joint use:
- occupational use
- leisure time physical activities
SOURCES OF PAIN IN OSTEOARTHRITIS
- cartilage is aneural, cartilage loss in a joint is not accompanied by pain
- pain arises from structures outside the cartilage
pain is episodic, triggered often by overactive use of a diseased joint
Early in disease