Osnove protimikrobnih zdravil Flashcards

1
Q

Betalaktamski antibiotiki -> penicilini

A
  • naravni penicilini: penicilin V in G
  • aminopenicilini: amoksicilin, ampicilin
  • protistafilokokni penicilini: kloksacilin, flukloksacilin
  • ureidopenicilini: piperacilin/tazobaktam
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2
Q

Betalaktamski antibiotiki -> cefalosporini

A
  1. generacija: cefazolin
  2. generacija (po): cefaklor, cefuroksim
  3. generacija: cefotaksim, ceftrikason, ceftazidim (+avibaktam), (po) cefiksim in ceftibuten, cefdinir, cefpodoksim
  4. generacija: cefepim
  5. generacija: ceftarolin
    * ceftolozan
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3
Q

Betalaktamski antibiotiki -> karbapenemi

A
  • imipenem s cilastatinom
  • meropenem (+avibaktam)
  • ertapenem
  • doripenem
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4
Q

Betalaktamski antibiotiki -> monobaktami

A

aztreonam

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5
Q

Aminoglikozidi

A
  • streptomicin
  • amikacin
  • gentamicin
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6
Q

Makrolidi, ketolidi, linkozamidi

A
  • makrolidi: eritromicin, klaritromicin, azitromicin
  • ketolidi: telitromicin
  • linkozamidi: klindamicin
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7
Q

Tetraciklini

A
  • tigeciklin. minociklin

- doksiciklin

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8
Q

Fluorokinoloni

A
  1. generacija: nalidiksična kislina
    2A generacija: pefloksacin, ofloksacin, ciprofloksacin
    2B generacija: levofloksacin
  2. generacija: moksifloksacin
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9
Q

Sulfonamidi in trimetoprim

A

trimetoprim sulfametoksazol = TMP/SMX

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10
Q

Glikopeptidni antibiotiki

A

vankomicin, teikoplanin

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11
Q

Lipopeptidni antibiotiki

A

daptomicin

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12
Q

Lipoglikopeptidni antibiotiki

A

televancin

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13
Q

Oksazolidinoni

A

linezolid, tedizolid

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14
Q

Polimiksini

A

polimiksin B, polimiksin E = kolistin

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15
Q

Protivirusna zdravila za okužbe dihal:

A
  • Oseltamivir in zanamivir
  • Amantadin in rimantadin
  • Ribavirin
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16
Q

Protiherpesvirusna zdravila:

A
  • Aciklovir
  • Valaciklovir
  • Pencikovir, Famciklovir
  • Brivudin
  • Idoksuridin, Trifluridin, Vidarabin
  • Ganciklovir
  • Valganciklovir
  • Foskarnet, Cidofovir, Fomivirsen
17
Q

Proti HBV zdravila:

A

Lamivudin, Adefovir, Entekavir, Telbivudin, Tenofovir (TFV; TDF, TAF), standardni in pegilirani INFα