Osmosis And Active Transport

Question 1

What is osmosis?

Answer 1

The diffusion of water particles from HIGH to LOW concentration of water , across a partially permeable membrane

Question 2

What is a partially permeable membrane?

Answer 2

Membrane with holes to permit water particles but NOT larger molecules

Question 3

In osmosis, where do the the particles diffuse from (what kind of substance)?

Answer 3

Water molecules diffuse from pure water or dilute to more concentrate solutions

Question 4

What are:
Dilute solutions
Concentrated solutions

Answer 4

Dilute: HIGH concentration of water
Concentrated: LOW concentration of water

Question 5

When water concentration is high, outside of a cell…

Answer 5

Water enters the cell through the partially permeable membrane and goes into the cytoplasm
Then, the cytoplasm pushes against the cell wall and turns the cell TURGID

Question 6

What is lysis?

Answer 6

When animal cells swell up and burst, due to osmosis

Question 7

What is crenation?

Answer 7

When water loss causes cells (eg: red blood cells) to shrink

Question 8

What is active transport?

Answer 8

When substances continue to move in and out of a cell. The particles move against the concentration gradient (low to high) using energy.

Question 9

What do carrier protein molecules do?

Answer 9

Pick up particles and move them against the concentration gradient.

Question 10

How is active transport used in plants?

Answer 10

Absorb the minerals against the concentration gradient, when the soils minerals have a lower concentration

Question 11

What is turgid?

Answer 11

When cells or tissues are swollen or inflated, due to high fluid content.

This may lead to lysis (the cell bursting).