Osmosis Flashcards
During cholesterol synthesis, the enzyme___ reduces HMG-CoA into mevalonate.
HMG-CoA reductase
Red blood cells are a type of cell that cannot use ___ bodies for energy.
ketone
The pentose phosphate pathway takes place in the (location) of the cell.
cytoplasm
During cholesterol synthesis, 2 acetyl-CoA molecules are joined together by the enzyme ____ to form acetoacetyl-CoA.
acetyl-CoA acyl-transferase
One cycle of ____ makes 1 NADH, 1 FADH2, and 1 acetyl-CoA.
beta-oxidation
(High/low) ____ ADP concentrations favor increased activity of the electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation.
High
The rate-determining enzyme of the urea cycle is ______.
carbamoyl phosphate synthetase I.
Triglycerides can be broken down by the enzyme ____ into free fatty acids and glycerol.
hormone sensitive lipase
The electron transport chain (increases/decreases) ____ the acidity of the intermembrane space.
increases
During cholesterol synthesis, the enzyme _____ combines acetoacetyl-CoA and acetyl-CoA to form 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA, or HMG-CoA.
HMG-CoA synthase
The rate-limiting step in ketone synthesis is caused by the enzyme _____ which combines acetoacetyl-CoA and acetyl-CoA to form 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA (HMG-CoA).
HMG-CoA synthase
_____ is a ketone body metabolically useless to cells, and is breathed out through the lungs.
Acetone
The ____ is a cycle of biochemical reactions that produces urea from ammonia.
urea cycle
An enzyme on the outer mitochondrial membrane called _____ replaces the CoA in fatty acyl-CoA with a carnitine, making fatty acyl-carnitine and a free CoA.
carnitine acyltransferase 1
_____ enzyme, goes to the ends of the glycogen chain and cuts off a chain of about 6 to 8 glucose residues in length.
Debranching
