Osmoregulation Flashcards
What is osmoregulation?
Osmoregulation refers to the process by which the osmotic pressure of fluids is regulated by maintaining the water and salt concentration.
Which organ is responsible for osmoregulation?
The kidneys are responsible for osmoregulation in humans
Describe what happens in osmoregulation.
During osmoregulation, water, amino acid and glucose absorbed by the kidneys. When the water level in the body is high, it releases a large amount of diluted urine. Whereas when the water level is low, it retains water and produces a low amount of concentrated during. Thus, the kidneys maintain the electrolytic balance of the body.
Describe what happens when the water content of the blood is low.
When there is too much salt excretion or sweating, the water content of the blood becomes low. This results in the brain producing more ADH, hence, a higher volume of water is reabsorbed by the kidneys. Therefore, the urine output is low (small volume of concentrated urine).
Describe what happens when the water content of the blood is high.
When there is too much water drunk, the water content of the blood becomes high. This results in the brain producing less ADH, hence, a lower volume of water is reabsorbed by the kidneys. Therefore, the urine output is high (large volume of diluted urine). Water content of the blood returns to normal.
What is homeostasis?
Homeostasis means to keep the internal environment constant