Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Network + (N10-009) > OSI Model > Flashcards

OSI Model Flashcards

1
Q

What does OSI stand for?

A

Open Systems Interconnection.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

When and by whom was the OSI model developed?

A

Developed in 1977 by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the ISO standard for the OSI model?

A

ISO 7498 (not required for memorization for the exam).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Why is the OSI model important?

A

It provides a fundamental framework for understanding and troubleshooting computer networks.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are some other names for the OSI model?

A

OSI Stack, OSI Reference Model.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How many layers does the OSI model have?

A

Seven layers.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the seven layers of the OSI model from bottom to top?

A

Physical, Data Link, Network, Transport, Session, Presentation, Application.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Provide a mnemonic to remember the seven OSI layers (bottom-to-top).

A

“Please Do Not Throw Sausage Pizza Away.”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the names of the data units at each OSI layer?

A

Layers 5-7 (Session, Presentation, Application): Data
Layer 4 (Transport): Segment
Layer 3 (Network): Packet
Layer 2 (Data Link): Frame
Layer 1 (Physical): Bits.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Provide a mnemonic for OSI data flow types.

A

“Do Some People Fear Birthdays?” (Data, Segment, Packet, Frame, Bits).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is encapsulation in the OSI model?

A

Wrapping data with protocol information as it moves down the layers.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is decapsulation in the OSI model?

A

Removing protocol information as data moves up the layers.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Name a tool used to analyze network traffic and its relevance to the OSI model.

A

Wireshark: Captures and displays network traffic, demonstrating how data is structured across OSI layers.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

At which layer of the OSI model does a router operate?

A

Layer 3 (Network).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

At which layer of the OSI model does a hub operate?

A

Layer 1 (Physical).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the primary difference between the OSI model and modern networks?

A

Modern networks primarily follow the TCP/IP model, while the OSI model is generic and adaptable.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the primary function of the Physical Layer?

A

Transmission of bits (binary ones and zeros) across a network.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

How are bits represented on copper wires?

A

By voltage levels:

0 volts = 0
±5 volts = 1
This is called Transition Modulation.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

How are bits represented in fiber optic cables?

A

Light represents bits:

Light on = 1
Light off = 0.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the common connector used with Ethernet cables?

A

RJ45

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Name the wiring standards for Ethernet cables.

A

TIA/EIA-568A
TIA/EIA-568B.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is a straight-through cable?

A

A cable with the same wiring standard on both ends (B-B or A-A).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is a crossover cable?

A

A cable with different wiring standards on each end (A-B or B-A).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

List common physical network topologies.

A

Bus
Ring
Star
Hub and Spoke
Mesh (Full or Partial).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What is asynchronous communication?

A

Communication that uses start and stop bits to indicate the beginning and end of transmission.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What is synchronous communication?

A

Communication that requires a shared clock for timing.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Compare broadband and baseband bandwidth utilization.

A

Broadband: Divides bandwidth into multiple channels (e.g., Cable TV).
Baseband: Uses the entire bandwidth for one signal (e.g., Ethernet).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Name three multiplexing techniques used at the Physical Layer.

A

Time-Division Multiplexing (TDM): Allocates time slots for each session.
Statistical TDM (StatTDM): Dynamically allocates time slots based on demand.
Frequency-Division Multiplexing (FDM): Splits medium into multiple frequency channels.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What are some examples of Layer 1 devices?

A

Hubs
Access Points
Media Converters.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

How do Layer 1 devices operate?

A

As “dumb” devices that repeat whatever signal they receive, without logic or intelligence.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

What are two key communication methods at Layer 1?

A

Asynchronous Communication: Uses start/stop bits.
Synchronous Communication: Requires a clock for timing.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

What is the difference between full and partial mesh topology?

A

Full Mesh: Every device is connected to every other device.
Partial Mesh: Some devices are connected, but not all.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

What are media types used at the Physical Layer?

A

Wired: Fiber optic, Ethernet, coaxial cables.
Wireless: Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, NFC.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

What is the significance of TIA/EIA-568A and B standards?

A

They define wiring standards for Ethernet cables.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

What is the primary function of the Network Layer (Layer 3)?

A

Routing and forwarding traffic using logical addressing.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Name three key protocols used at the Network Layer.

A

IPv4, IPv6, ICMP.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Provide an example of an IPv4 address.

A

172.16.254.1 (dotted octet notation).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

What is routing in the context of Layer 3?

A

Determining the best path for data to travel across networks.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

How does Layer 3 handle data transmission?

A

It divides data into packets, which are routed individually.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

Compare the three forwarding mechanisms at the Network Layer.

A

Packet Switching: Data is broken into packets, routed independently.

Circuit Switching: A dedicated path is established for the session.

Message Switching: Entire messages are stored and forwarded (store-and-forward method).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

What is the purpose of a routing table?

A

To store information about available routes and their metrics (e.g., cost, speed).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

What are static and dynamic routes?

A

Static Routes: Manually configured paths in the routing table.

Dynamic Routes: Automatically determined by routing protocols like RIP, OSPF, or EIGRP.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

Name two common dynamic routing protocols.

A

RIP (Routing Information Protocol), OSPF (Open Shortest Path First).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

What does ICMP stand for, and what is its role?

A

Internet Control Message Protocol, used for diagnostics and operational information.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

What are two common troubleshooting tools using ICMP?

A

Ping: Tests connectivity and measures response time.

Traceroute: Maps the path a packet takes across a network.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

What is a router’s primary function at Layer 3?

A

Forwarding packets between networks.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

What is a multilayer switch, and how does it differ from a router?

A

A device that combines Layer 2 switching and Layer 3 routing functions.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

What are flow control and packet reordering at the Network Layer?

A

Flow Control: Adjusts data transmission rates to prevent overwhelming the receiver.

Packet Reordering: Ensures packets arriving out of order are reordered at the destination.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

Why is IPv6 significant compared to IPv4?

A

It provides an expanded addressing scheme for modern networks.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

What is the primary function of the Transport Layer (Layer 4)?

A

Provides reliable or unreliable delivery of data between devices.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

What are the two main protocols at Layer 4?

A

TCP (Transmission Control Protocol): Connection-oriented.
UDP (User Datagram Protocol): Connectionless.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

What data unit is used with TCP?

A

Segment.

53
Q

What data unit is used with UDP?

A

Datagram.

54
Q

How does TCP establish a connection?

A

Using a three-way handshake:

SYN: Client asks if the server is ready.
SYN-ACK: Server acknowledges readiness.
ACK: Client confirms and begins communication.

55
Q

Name a feature unique to TCP.

A

Ensures reliable delivery with acknowledgments and retransmissions.
Uses sequencing to order packets.

56
Q

Provide an example use case for TCP.

A

Banking, e-commerce, or secure file transfers.

57
Q

What is UDP’s approach to data delivery?

A

Fire-and-forget delivery with no acknowledgments or retransmissions.

58
Q

Provide an example use case for UDP.

A

Audio/video streaming, VoIP, or gaming.

59
Q

Compare TCP and UDP.

A

Feature TCP UDP
Connection Type Connection-oriented (stateful) Connectionless (stateless)
Reliability Reliable (acknowledgments, retries) Unreliable (no acknowledgments)
Overhead High Low
Retransmissions Supported Not supported
Sequencing Supported Not supported
Use Cases Banking, file transfers Streaming, VoIP, gaming

60
Q

What is windowing in TCP?

A

Adjusts the amount of data sent in each transmission to optimize throughput:

Open window: Increases data sent if no errors occur.
Close window: Reduces data sent if errors occur.

61
Q

What is buffering in the Transport Layer?

A

Temporary storage of data during transmission to manage bandwidth limitations.

62
Q

What Layer 4 devices optimize network performance?

A

WAN Accelerators: Compress data for faster transmission.
Load Balancers: Distribute network traffic across multiple servers.
Firewalls: Block or allow traffic based on Layer 4 criteria (e.g., port numbers).

63
Q

What is an example of a Layer 4 firewall rule?

A

Blocking or allowing traffic on specific ports (e.g., TCP/80 for HTTP traffic).

64
Q

What are the two primary data units at Layer 4?

A

Segments: Used with TCP.
Datagrams: Used with UDP.

65
Q

What is the main advantage of UDP over TCP?

A

Lower latency and higher performance due to no acknowledgments or retransmissions.

66
Q

What is an example of a TCP application?

A

Secure file transfer or website communication.

67
Q

What is an example of a UDP application?

A

Real-time video streaming or gaming.

68
Q

What is the primary purpose of the Session Layer?

A

Manages and controls the dialogue between devices by establishing, maintaining, and tearing down sessions.

69
Q

How is a session similar to a conversation in a crowded room?

A

It isolates communication between two parties to avoid interference or mixing with others.

70
Q

What are the three key responsibilities of the Session Layer?

A

Establishing sessions.
Maintaining sessions.
Tearing down sessions.

71
Q

What steps are involved in establishing a session?

A

Authenticate user credentials.
Assign a unique session identifier.
Negotiate services and communication order.

72
Q

What does the Session Layer do to maintain a session?

A

Ensures smooth, bidirectional data exchange.
Uses acknowledgments for successful data transfer.
Reestablishes connections if interrupted.

73
Q

What are the two methods for tearing down a session?

A

Mutual Agreement: Both parties agree the session is complete.
Unexpected Termination: One party disconnects or becomes unresponsive.

74
Q

Name two key protocols used at the Session Layer.

A

H.323: Sets up and manages voice/video communication.
NetBIOS: Enables file and printer sharing over a network.

75
Q

What is RTP, and how does it relate to the Session Layer?

A

Real-Time Transport Protocol, used with H.323 to handle streaming audio and video in two-way communication.

76
Q

Provide a real-world example of H.323 in action.

A

Used for video calls on platforms like FaceTime or Skype.

77
Q

What is an example of NetBIOS functionality?

A

Sharing files or printers in a Windows network environment.

78
Q

Why is the Session Layer critical for applications like video calls or file sharing?

A

It maintains the order and integrity of structured communication, ensuring smooth and reliable interaction.

79
Q

For exam purposes, what should you know about the Session Layer?

A

It handles session setup, maintenance, and teardown.
Protocols: H.323 (voice/video), RTP (streaming), and NetBIOS (file sharing).
Recognize scenarios involving communication isolation and structured dialogues.

80
Q

How does the Session Layer handle interruptions in a session?

A

It reestablishes the connection to maintain continuity in communication.

81
Q

What is the primary purpose of the Presentation Layer?

A

Responsible for formatting and encrypting data to ensure compatibility and security during transmission.

82
Q

Name two key functions of the Presentation Layer.

A

Data Formatting: Converts raw data into a compatible format for the receiving system.

Encryption: Protects data by scrambling it during transmission for confidentiality.

83
Q

Provide examples of text formats used at the Presentation Layer.

A

ASCII: Maps characters to numbers (e.g., ‘A’ = 65).

Unicode: Multilingual character encoding.

EBCDIC: Used in legacy systems.

84
Q

Provide examples of image formats handled by the Presentation Layer.

A

GIF, JPEG, PNG, SVG.

85
Q

Provide examples of video formats managed by the Presentation Layer.

A

MP4, MPEG, MOV.

86
Q

What are some scripting and markup languages associated with the Presentation Layer?

A

HTML, XML, PHP, JavaScript.

87
Q

What is the role of encryption in the Presentation Layer?

A

Converts readable data into unreadable ciphertext for secure transmission and decrypts it on the receiving end.

88
Q

Name two encryption protocols used at the Presentation Layer.

A

TLS (Transport Layer Security): Ensures secure communication (e.g., padlock in browser).

SSL (Secure Sockets Layer): Predecessor to TLS, still in limited use.

89
Q

What does ASCII do?

A

Converts binary data into human-readable text by mapping characters to numbers.

90
Q

Why is Unicode significant?

A

It supports multilingual character encoding, ensuring text compatibility across different systems.

91
Q

What is the function of HTML at the Presentation Layer?

A

Formats text and content on web pages, such as using the <b> tag for bold text.</b>

92
Q

How does the Presentation Layer handle video formats?

A

It ensures binary data is interpreted correctly for playback (e.g., MP4, MPEG).

93
Q

What is the role of TLS in the Presentation Layer?

A

Secures communication by encrypting data in transit, protecting sensitive information like passwords and credit card details.

94
Q

For exam purposes, what are key terms to associate with the Presentation Layer?

A

ASCII, Unicode, TLS, SSL, HTML, JPEG, MP4.

95
Q

What does encryption at Layer 6 protect?

A

Data confidentiality during transmission.

96
Q

Provide an example of a practical function of the Presentation Layer.

A

Formatting an MP4 file for video playback across different devices.

97
Q

What is the primary purpose of the Application Layer (Layer 7)?

A

Provides application-level services for user interaction with the network.

98
Q

What does the Application Layer act as?

A

The interface between the user and the network.

99
Q

Is the Application Layer about software like Word or Chrome?

A

No, it refers to networking functions such as file transfer, email protocols, and network services.

100
Q

Name four key functions of the Application Layer.

A

Application Services: Enable communication between applications across networks.
Service Advertisement: Announce application presence and capabilities.
File Transfer: Move files between systems.
Remote Access: Securely connect to remote devices.

101
Q

What is service advertisement at the Application Layer?

A

Devices broadcast their availability and capabilities to the network, such as a wireless printer saying, “I’m a printer. You can connect to me.”

102
Q

Name three common email protocols and their functions.

A

POP3: Retrieves and removes emails from a mail server.
IMAP: Synchronizes emails across devices while keeping them on the server.
SMTP: Sends emails between servers.

103
Q

What is the difference between HTTP and HTTPS?

A

HTTP: Standard protocol for transferring web pages.
HTTPS: Encrypted version of HTTP using TLS for secure communication.

104
Q

What is DNS and its purpose?

A

Domain Name System, which converts human-readable domain names (e.g., google.com) into IP addresses and vice versa.

105
Q

Provide examples of file transfer protocols and their characteristics.

A

FTP: Transfers files between systems.
FTPS: FTP with encryption for secure transfers.
SFTP: Secure file transfer using SSH.

106
Q

Compare Telnet and SSH for remote access.

A

Telnet: Unencrypted and less secure remote command-line access.
SSH: Encrypted and secure remote access.

107
Q

What is SNMP, and what is its purpose?

A

Simple Network Management Protocol, used to monitor and manage network devices like routers and switches.

108
Q

Provide examples of Application Layer protocols and their use cases.

A

Email: POP3, IMAP, SMTP.
Web Browsing: HTTP, HTTPS.
File Transfer: FTP, FTPS, SFTP.
Remote Access: Telnet, SSH.
Network Management: SNMP.

109
Q

What are the key takeaways for the Application Layer?

A

Understand Application Services and Service Advertisement.
Familiarize with common protocols like HTTP, DNS, FTP, and SSH.
Learn the associated ports and functionalities for these protocols.

110
Q

What is encapsulation?

A

The process of wrapping data with headers (and sometimes trailers) as it moves down the OSI model from Layer 7 (Application) to Layer 1 (Physical).

111
Q

What is decapsulation?

A

The process of removing headers as data moves up the OSI model from Layer 1 to Layer 7.

112
Q

Provide an analogy for encapsulation and decapsulation.

A

Encapsulation: Placing a letter in an envelope.
Decapsulation: Grandma removing the letter from the envelope to read it.

113
Q

What are Protocol Data Units (PDUs) at different OSI layers?

A

Layer 1 (Physical): Bits
Layer 2 (Data Link): Frames
Layer 3 (Network): Packets
Layer 4 (Transport): Segments (TCP) or Datagrams (UDP)

114
Q

What metadata is added at Layer 4 (Transport Layer) during encapsulation?

A

TCP: Source port, destination port, sequence numbers, etc.
UDP: Source port, destination port, length, checksum.

115
Q

What metadata is added at Layer 3 (Network Layer)?

A

Source and destination IP addresses.
Time-to-live (TTL).
IP version (IPv4/IPv6).

116
Q

What metadata is added at Layer 2 (Data Link Layer)?

A

Source and destination MAC addresses.
EtherType to indicate the protocol in the payload.
Optional VLAN tags.

117
Q

How does the Physical Layer handle encapsulated data?

A

Transmits the data as electrical, optical, or radio signals (bits).

118
Q

What happens during decapsulation at Layer 3 (Network Layer)?

A

Reads IP addresses.
Determines routing or final destination.

119
Q

What is the role of Layer 4 in decapsulation?

A

Reassembles segments or datagrams.
Checks sequence/order for reliable data delivery.

120
Q

What is the purpose of the Time-to-Live (TTL) field in the Network Layer?

A

Prevents infinite routing loops by limiting the lifespan of a packet.

121
Q

What does the EtherType field indicate in the Data Link Layer?

A

The protocol in the payload (e.g., IPv4, IPv6).

122
Q

What is the default Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU) size at the Data Link Layer?

A

1500 bytes (or larger for jumbo frames).

123
Q

How do intermediate devices process encapsulated data?

A

Switches: Read Layer 2 headers (MAC addresses) to forward frames.
Routers: Read Layer 3 headers (IP addresses) to determine the next hop.

124
Q

Summarize the transmission process.

A

Sender Side: Encapsulation happens as data moves down the OSI model.
Intermediate Devices: Data is re-encapsulated as needed.
Receiver Side: Decapsulation occurs as data moves up the OSI model.

125
Q

What should you focus on for the exam regarding encapsulation?

A

Encapsulation: Adding headers.
Decapsulation: Removing headers.
Layer-specific responsibilities (e.g., ports at Layer 4, IP addresses at Layer 3, MAC addresses at Layer 2).

126
Q

What is Wireshark?

A

A packet analyzer used to capture and analyze network traffic for troubleshooting, network analysis, and cybersecurity.

127
Q

What are the key fields displayed in Wireshark for each packet?

A

Time: Timestamp of the packet.
Source: Sender’s IP or MAC address.
Destination: Receiver’s IP or MAC address.
Protocol: Protocol used (e.g., TCP, HTTP, FTP).
Info: Summary of packet content.

128
Q

What Layer 2 (Data Link Layer) details can Wireshark display?

A

Source MAC Address: Device originating the packet.
Destination MAC Address: Intended recipient on the LAN.
Encapsulation type: Ethernet.

129
Q

What Layer 3 (Network Layer) information is visible in Wireshark?

A

Source and destination IP addresses.
Protocol (e.g., IPv4 or IPv6).
Encapsulation with IP headers.

130
Q

What Layer 4 (Transport Layer) details can Wireshark provide?

A

Source and destination ports.
TCP headers: Sequence numbers, acknowledgments (reliable communication).
UDP headers: Lightweight communication without sequencing.

131
Q

What kind of Application Layer (Layer 7) protocols does Wireshark analyze?

A

HTTP: Web browsing (e.g., GET requests).
FTP: File transfers.
Telnet: Remote commands and server responses.

132
Q

What metadata might Wireshark capture in an HTTP packet?

A

User Agent: Browser type (e.g., Mozilla).
URL: Requested webpage.
Request Type: GET or POST.

133
Q

How does Wireshark display FTP activity?

A

File transfer details, including the hexadecimal data of the file.
Insight into reconstructed files during forensic analysis.

134
Q

What does Wireshark reveal in a Telnet session?

A

User input (e.g., login credentials, commands).
Server responses (e.g., file directory contents).

135
Q

How does Wireshark help network technicians?

A

Troubleshooting: Identify issues at specific OSI layers (e.g., Layer 2 MAC issues or Layer 3 IP conflicts).
Traffic Analysis: Determine source/destination, protocol, and port usage.

136
Q

How is Wireshark valuable for cybersecurity analysts?

A

Forensic Analysis: Reconstruct sessions to identify malicious activity.
Incident Response: Understand attacker behavior and analyze breaches.

137
Q

What can penetration testers use Wireshark for?

A

Capture data streams to identify vulnerabilities.
Extract sensitive information like usernames and passwords.

138
Q

How does Wireshark demonstrate encapsulation?

A

Layer 2: Displays MAC addresses in Ethernet headers.
Layer 3: Shows IP headers with source and destination IPs.
Layer 4: Analyzes TCP/UDP ports and protocols.
Layer 7: Reconstructs application-specific data (e.g., HTTP web pages).

139
Q

What is decapsulation, and how does Wireshark show it?

A

Decapsulation: Removing headers at each OSI layer to reveal the data.
Wireshark decodes each layer, providing visibility into headers and payloads.

140
Q

What is the practical significance of Wireshark for network analysis?

A

Traces communication paths.
Reconstructs full data streams (e.g., web pages, Telnet sessions).
Identifies issues in encapsulation and routing.

141
Q

Why is Wireshark important despite not being required for the Network+ exam?

A

It enhances understanding of the OSI model, encapsulation, and decapsulation processes, laying a foundation for advanced roles in networking and cybersecurity.

Network + (N10-009) (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions