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NBDE II Board Busters > OSHA > Flashcards

OSHA Flashcards

1
Q

4 major fields of behavior

A
  1. personal social - environment, work, play, society
  2. motor - starting to access maturity
  3. language
  4. adapative - use of motor capacity and solutions to practical behavior
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2
Q

7 steps in education

A
  1. recognize needs
  2. express needs
  3. stimulate motivation
  4. set goals
  5. act to achieve goals
  6. reinforce learning
  7. evaluate results
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3
Q

classical conditioning (Pavlovian or respondant)

A

associate one stimulus with another

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4
Q

operant conditioning

A

consequences of a behavior is a stimulus that can affect future behavior, rewarded or punished

4 types - positive and negative reinforcement, omission, punishment

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5
Q

behavior shaping (successive approximation)

A

type of operant conditioning, provide reinforcement for progressively closre approx. of final desired behavior

“stimulus response” (SR) theory

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6
Q

aversion conditioning

A

punishment to suppress bad behavior

ex. hand over mouth technique (HOME)

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7
Q

observational learning (modeling or behavior shaping)

A

acquisition of behavior by observation, and performance

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8
Q

systemic desensitization

A

eliminate anxiety assoc. with phobias

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9
Q

4 types of aggression

A
  1. constructive - act of self-assertiveness for self protection
  2. destructive - hostility unnecessary for protection
  3. inward - against oneself
  4. aggressive personality - irritable, tantrums, in response to frustation
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10
Q

health belief model

A

ppl will act to prevent disease only when they believe they are susceptible to disease

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11
Q

OSHA

A

protects WORKERS from hazards in a work place

concerned with regulated WASTE in dental office

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12
Q

hazardous waste

poisonous waste

infectious waste

A
  • cause harm or injury to environment
  • can cause poisonous effect
  • can cause disease
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13
Q

OHSA bloodborne pathogens standard rule on uniforms

A

-uniforms laundered on site or off site NOT home

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14
Q

what is the most infectious target of standard universal blood precautions?

what is the most infectious bloodborne pathogen?

A

HIV

HBV

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15
Q

Hepatitis B Virus (HBV)

A
  • greatest occupational healthcare worker risk for bloodborne infxn
  • employers must offer free vaccine
  • infxn usually by: sex, prenatal transfer, percutaneous inoculation
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16
Q

Hepatitis C Virus (HCV)

A

-transmitted by blood in needle sticks, blood transfusion, drug addicts

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17
Q

most common dental materials deemed hazardous by OSHA

A

mercury -> scrap with sulfide solution
nitrous oxide -> max exposure is 1000 ppm
chemicals to develop film

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18
Q

medical records must be maintained for _ yrs

A

30

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19
Q

who regulates handpieces and recommends sterilization procedures to the CDC?

A

FDA

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20
Q

who regulates waste transportation from the office?

A

EPA

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21
Q

CDC high risk groups incl

A

IV druggies, homosexual/bisexual males, ppl getting transfusions, healthcare workers who can contact body fluids

22
Q

quality assessment vs assurance

A

assessment is - does it meet standards?

assurance involves - structure, process, outcome, measures changes

23
Q

how are sensitivity and specificity related?

A

inversely proportional

24
Q

sensitivity measures

A

proportion of ppl with a disease correctly identified by a positive test

= TP/TP + FN

25
Q

specificity is

A

ability of test to classify health

= TN/TN + FP

26
Q

prevalence

A

of old cases in a population at a specific period time

expressed as % of population

27
Q

incidence

A

of new cases at a certain time

expressed as RATE

28
Q

child abuse most involves what age group

A

newborns up to 3 yrs

29
Q

most popular managed care payment moethod is

A

capitation

30
Q

DMFT - decayed missing filled teeth

or DMFS

A

irreversible index, permanent teeth

-best caries index for caries susceptibility

31
Q

DEFT - decayed extracted filled teeth

A

-for primary dentition

32
Q

gingival index (GI)

A

reversible, based on color, consistency, bop

  • gingivitis often scored with Loe & Sillness (based on surfaces and inflammation, bleeding)
  • PMA (papillary, marginal, attached) gingiva index to record prevalence and severity of gingivitis in school kids
33
Q

periodontal index (PI)

A
  • reversible

- assess prevalence of perio disease

34
Q

plaque index of Silness and Loe

A

reversible

-assess THICKNESS of plaque at gingival margin

35
Q

what % kids have inflammatory perio disease by 15?

A

80-90

localized acute gingivitis is most common

36
Q

vital stats

A
  1. mortality (death rate) - # deaths caused by a disease
  2. morbidity - incidence of disease in a given population
  3. natality (birth rate)
  4. birth death ratio (vital index) - indicates population growth, stability, rdxn
  5. crude death rate
37
Q

randomized study

A

all subjects have equal chance of being either study or control group

38
Q

bactericidal

vs bacteriostatic

A

kills bacteria

static inhibits metabolism and replication

39
Q

sanitation

A

antimicrobial tx, lowers total microbial load

40
Q

sterilization

A

killing or removing all microorganisms, complete destruction of all forms oc microbial life incl. spores

cell death occurs cause of heat

41
Q

rapid heat transfer sterilization

A 
375 F (191C) for 12 min for wrapped
fast, dry heat
42
Q

dry heat sterilization

A

320 F(120 C) 2hrs, or 340F (170C) 1 hr

causes COAGULATION of proteins

43
Q

autoclave (moist heat or saturated steam)

A

250F (121 C) 15-20 min

denatures high protein containing bacteria

44
Q

unsaturated chemical vapor sterilization

A

270 F(132C) 20-40 min

instead of distilled water, uses soln oc alcohol, formaldehyde, ketone, acetone to produce vapor

requires greater temp and pressure than autoclave

does not RUST or corrode metals

45
Q

glutaraldehyde 2%

A

alkalizing agent, 10 hrs to kill
pros - chemical sterilant, use on heat sensitive materials
cons - allergenic, toxic to tissues, time

46
Q

ethylene oxide gas

A

for heat sensitive materials

alkylates proteins and nucleic acid

toxic

47
Q

antiseptics

A

safe to external body, can be applied on living tissue

ex. chlorhexidine gluconate

alcohol is most widely used (isopropyl in hospitals)

48
Q

most effective skin antiseptic that acts as an oxidizing agent, irreversibly combines with proteins

A

iodine

49
Q

disinfection

A

reduce numbers or inhibit growth so it’s not a threat of disease

for inanimate surfaces

50
Q

__ microorganism is the marker for intermediate surface disinfection

A

mycobacterium tuberculosis

also target for pasterization

51
Q

irritation dermatitis

A

most common form of adverse epithelial rxn for healthcare professionals

20-30%

52
Q

HIV pts are protected under the

A

americans with disabilities act

NBDE II Board Busters (11 decks)

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