oscillation Flashcards
amplitude
max displacement of the oscillating mass from the eqm position in either direction
period
time taken for one complete oscillation of the oscillating mass
frequency
no. of complete to-and-fro oscillations per unit time made by the oscillating mass
phase difference
measure of how much an oscillation is out of step with itself @ 2 diff instances in time / how much 2 oscillations are out of step with each other @ the same instant in time
angular frequency
rate of change of phase of the oscillating mass
natural frequency
frequency at which a system vibrates at in the absence of resultant external forces
shm
oscillatory motion whose acceleration is always directly proportional to its displacement from the eqm position & directed towards the eqm point/directed opp. of its displacement
free oscillations
body oscillates without any loss of energy
forced oscillations
oscillator is forced to oscillate @ the frequency of an external driver and the driver continually transfers energy to the oscillating system
damped oscillation
when resistive forces cause the oscillator to lose its energy, until it eventually come to a stop
resonance
- the phenomenon in which there is max transfer of energy from the driver to the oscillator
- it occurs when the driving frequency matches the natural frequency of the undamped oscillator
- the oscillations will achieve max amplitude
critical damping
no oscillations take place, displacement brought to zero in shortest possible time
