OSCE Flashcards
What is the disease correlation of a positive visual field finding on exam?
visual pathway defect or lesion
pituitary tumors can create bitemporal hemianopsia
What is the disease correlate associated with diminished or absent pupillary light reflex?
CN III damage
What is the disease correlate of abnormal consensual response when shining light in affected eye?
CN I damage
What is the physical exam presentation of an oculomotor nerve lesion?
eye down and out, ptosis, decreased pupillary light reflex
What is the presentation of a lesion to the trigeminal nerve?
can’t feel cotton swab, jaw deviates toward lesion
What is the presentation of an UMN lesion to the facial nerve? What can cause it?
presentation: contralateral paralysis of lower facial muscles (forehead sparing)
could be caused by stroke
What is the presentation of a LMN lesion to the facial nerve? What can cause it?
presentation: ipsilateral paralysis of upper and lower facial expression
could be caused by Bell’s palsy
What is the presentation on physical exam of a lesion to the glossopharyngeal or vagus nerve?
deviation of uvula away from the lesion
What is the presentation on physical exam of a lesion to the spinal accessory nerve?
ipsilateral pain of trapezius
contralateral pain of sternocleidomastoid
What is the presentation on physical exam of a lesion to the hypoglossal nerve?
tongue deviates toward lesion
What type of lesion is associated with rigidity when assessing tone?
upper motor neuron lesion
What type of lesion is associated with flaccidity when assessing tone?
lower motor neuron lesion
What lesion is associated with pronator drift?
lesion in contralateral corticospinal tract
What lesion is associated with toes that go up when assessing Babinski?
lesion in contralateral corticospinal tract - upper motor neuron lesion
What pathology is associated with pain on Spurling’s neck compression?
cervical radiculopathy on the side the head is turned towards
What pathology is associated with pain on straight leg raise?
lumbar radiculopathy
What pathology is associated with loss of light touch, vibration, or proprioception?
lesion in ipsilateral dorsal column
What pathology is associated with loss of pain/temperature?
lesion in contralateral spinothalamic tract
What pathology is associated with sterogenesis and graphestesia?
lesion in parietal lobe (failure of integration)
What pathology is associated with positive findings on monofilament test?
peripheral neuropathy
What pathology is associated with a positive Romberg test?
lesion in dorsal column (proprioception) or cerebellum (vestibular function)
What pathology is associated with positive findings in gait, heel to shin, and finger to nose tests?
lesions in cerebellum
What are the major components of the patient interview?
HPI, PMH, PSH, meds, allergies, family history, social history, ROS
What do you palpate for on the shoulders?
acromion process, acromioclavicular joint, long head of biceps tendon, clavicle, sternoclavicular joint, spine of scapula
