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OS 204 Finals > OS 204 1.1 The Face - Sheet1 > Flashcards

OS 204 1.1 The Face - Sheet1 Flashcards

1
Q

5 layers of the scalp

A

Sweat glands, Connective tissue, Aponeurosis, Loose areolar tissue, Pericranium (SCA - scalp proper, move as a unit)

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2
Q

(Bony landmarks) midpoint of hypophysial fossa

A

Sella

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3
Q

(Bony landmarks) most inferior part on the infraorbital rim

A

Orbital

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4
Q

(Bony landmarks) most superior part on external auditory meatus

A

Porion

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5
Q

(Bony landmarks) most superior point on the head of the mandibular condyle

A

Condylion

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6
Q

(Bony landmarks) pt of intersection of the posterior margin of the ascending mandibular ramus and the outer region of the cranial base

A

Articulate

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7
Q

(Bony landmarks) deepest point in teh concavity of the premaxilla

A

Subspinale

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8
Q

(Bony landmarks) lowest, most anterior pt on the alveolar portion of the mandible

A

Prosthion

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9
Q

(Bony landmarks) highest, most anterior point on the alveolar portion of the mandible

A

Infradentale

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10
Q

(Bony landmarks) most posterior point on the outer contour of the mandibular alveolar process

A

Supramentale

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11
Q

(Bony landmarks) most anterior point on the bony chin in the midline

A

Pogonion

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12
Q

(Bony landmarks) ponit between teh most anterior (Pg) and inferior points (Me) on the chin

A

Gnathion

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13
Q

(Bony landmarks) lowest ponit on the mandible

A

Menton

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14
Q

(Bony landmarks) Midpoint at the angle fo the mandible

A

Gonion

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15
Q

(Facial landmarks) anterior hairline in the midline

A

Trichion

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16
Q

(Facial landmarks) most prominent part of the forehead on profile

A

Glabella

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17
Q

(Facial landmarks) deepest depression at the root of the nose; typically corresponds to the nasofrontal suture

A

Nasion

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18
Q

(Facial landmarks) root of the nose; a region and not a point

A

Radix

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19
Q

(Facial landmarks) soft tissue correlate of the osseocartilaginous junction on the nasal dorsum (lolz)

A

Rhinion

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20
Q

(Facial landmarks) osseocartilaginous junction on the nasal dorsum

A

Sellion

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21
Q

(Facial landmarks) point cephalic to the tip

A

Supratip

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22
Q

(Facial landmarks) most anterior projection of the nose on profile

A

Tip

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23
Q

(Facial landmarks) junction of the columella and upper lip

A

Subnasale

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24
Q

(Facial landmarks) vermillion border of upper lip

A

Labrale superius

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25
Q

(Facial landmarks) central portion of interlabial gap

A

Stomion

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26
Q

(Facial landmarks) Lowest point of lower lip vermillion

A

Superion inferius

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27
Q

(Facial landmarks) vermillion border of lower lip

A

Labrale inferius

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28
Q

(Facial landmarks) most posterior part between lower lip and chin

A

Mentolabial sulcus

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29
Q

(Facial landmarks) most anterior midline soft tissue point of chin

A

Pogonion

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30
Q

(Facial landmarks) most inferior soft tissue point of chin

A

Menton

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31
Q

(Facial landmarks) innermost point between submental area and neck

A

Cervical point

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32
Q

Umm… yung nasa taas, gilid, at baba ng lips

A

Philtrum, oral commissure, mentolabial sulcus

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33
Q

Facial thirds

A

Trichion –> glabella –> subnasale –> menton

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34
Q

Width of the eye is equal to

A

Length of nose

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35
Q

Distance between the eyes is equivalent to

A

A measure of an eye

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36
Q

Risorius

A

Grin

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37
Q

Zygomaticus major, minor

A

Smile

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38
Q

What muscles work with the tongue to keep food between teeth and prevent from accumulating in the oral vestibule

A

Orbicularis oris and buccinators

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39
Q

Nasalis (2)

A

Compressor naris (transverse), dilator naris (alar); bunny lines

40
Q

Depressor septi

A

Narrows the naris

41
Q

Orbicularis oculi (3)

A

Orbital (tight close), palpebral (gentle close), lacrimal

42
Q

Procerus

A

Transverse wrinkles; dislike

43
Q

Corrugator supercili

A

Frown line (vertical wrinkle)

44
Q

Ear muscles (3); which is vestigial?

A

Anterior, superior, posterior auricular (vestigial)

45
Q

Occipito-frontalis

A

Occipital belly (retracts scalp), frontal belly (protracts scalp) – transverse lines on forehead (surprise)

46
Q

Common aponeurosis of the two bellies of the occipito-frontalis

A

Galea / epicranial aponeurotica

47
Q

Facial nerve emerges from cranium via __ and becomes _ nerve

A

Stylomastoid foramen; posterior auricular nerve

48
Q

Facial nerve branches :); which are typically single?

A

Temporal, zygomatic, buccal, marginal mandibular, cervical; Mandibular and cervical typically single (like me jk)

49
Q

3 branches of the trigeminal nerve, which is sensory and which is mixed?

A

Opthalmic (s; smallest), maxillary (s), mandibular (l; mixed)

50
Q

3 branches of the opthalmic nerve

A

frontal largest (supraorbital, supratrochlear), nasociliary (infratrochlear, anterior ethmoidal, posterior ethmoidal, external nasal), lacrimal

51
Q

Opthalmic nerve enters the orbit through what

A

Superior orbital fissure

52
Q

Maxillary nerve leaves the cranium through what and passes where?

A

Foramen rotundum, pterygopalatine fossa

53
Q

Maxillary nerve 2 branches (and entrances)

A

Zygomatic nerve (inferior orbital fissure); infraorbital nerve (infraorbital groove and foramen)

54
Q

Mandibular nerve - what foramen

A

F. ovale

55
Q

3 branches of the mamandibular nerve

A

Auriculotemporal (secretomotor to parotid), buccal, mental

56
Q

Supplies anterior and posterior auricular?

A

Greater auricular nerve (C2, 3) (frontal ang superior auricular muscle); anterior cutaneous nerve is another nerve of the face na hindi facial nerve

57
Q

ECA vs ICA - neck branches

A

ICA no branches in the neck

58
Q

Pulse in front of the tragus

A

Superficial temporal artery

59
Q

Pulse near the jaw

A

Facial artery

60
Q

Anterior branches of ECA (5)

A

Superficial temporal, maxillary, facial, lingual, superior thyroid

61
Q

Posterior branches of ECA (3)

A

Posterior auricular, occipital, ascending pharyngeal

62
Q

Superficial arteries of the face (3)

A

Facial, superficial tempoeral, maxillary

63
Q

Chief branches of the facial artery (2)

A

Superior and inferior labial arteries… then lateral nasal artery, angular artery

64
Q

Frontal, parietal, and transverse facial arteries are branches of what? Where is the TFA located?

A

Superficial temporal artery; within parotid gland

65
Q

Only superficial branch from maxillary artery

A

Mental artery

66
Q

Face branches from ICA (3)

A

Supraorbital, supratrochlear, dorsal nasal

67
Q

Arteries of the scalp: ECA (3), ICA (2)

A

ECA: occipital, posterior auricular, superficial temporal; ICA: supratrochlear, supraorbital

68
Q

Inferior opthalmic joins vein what (2)

A

Cavernous sinus and pterygoid plexus

69
Q

Retromandibular vein is formed from the union of what (2)

A

Superficial temporal and maxillary veins

70
Q

Anterior branch of retromandibular v unites with _; posterior branch joins _ to form the external jugualr vein

A

facial vein; posterior auricular vein

71
Q

Are there lymph nodes in the scalp and face?

A

None, except for parotid and buccal regions

72
Q

Pericervical collar / superficial ring of lymph nodes formed by (5)

A

Submental, submandibular, parotid, mastoid, occipital

73
Q

Lymphatic drainage: forehead, lateral eyelids, external nose –>

A

Superficial parotid

74
Q

Lymphatic drainage: medial eye, greater part of external nose, most lower face, upper lip, lateral lower lip –>

A

Submandibular

75
Q

Lymphatic drainage: medial lower lip –>

A

Submental

76
Q

All lymphatic vessels drain into –> (in IJV) –>

A

Deep cervical LN; jugular lymphatic trunk

77
Q

Fine linear scar if incision is paralel to? What improves cosmetic appearance of scars?

A

Langer’s lines; Z-plasty

78
Q

Danger area of the scalp

A

LCT (4th layer); pus and blood spread easily; emissary veins*

79
Q

A blow to the periorbital region would cause

A

Periorbital ecchymosis (extravasation of blood into sq)

80
Q

Bleeding of periosteal arteries between baby cranium and calvaria after difficult birth

A

Cephalohematoma

81
Q

Chronic nasal obstruction in habitual mouth breathers may cause the inability of

A

nostril flaring

82
Q

Injury to facial nerve causes what palsy

A

Bell palsy

83
Q

Where yung anesthetic injection for buccal nerve block

A

Retromolar fossa posterior to 3rd mandibular molar

84
Q

Sensory disorder of CN V; may be caused by the swelling of what artery?

A

Trigeminal neuralgia / tic douloureux (commonly V2); superior cerebellar artery

85
Q

Compression of the facial artery may be caused by

A

Pressure against mandible

86
Q

Face in neutral postiion defined by what line; defined by?

A

Frankfort / auriculo-orbital plane; defined by infraorbitale and porion (upper margin of external ear canal)

87
Q

Vertex of the naso-frontal angle is called what? Ideal angle for males and females?

A

Nasion; males 120-130; females 115-125

88
Q

Is the facial nerve involved in Horner’s syndrome?

A

No. Sympathetic nerves.

89
Q

Can you wrinkle your nose and raise your eyebrows at the same time?

A

Yes - procerus - wrinkle; frontalis - eyebrows

90
Q

Isolated V2 injury would cause paresthesia to what facial unit?

A

Upper lip, upper parts of cheeks below eyes

91
Q

How do you propose to injure V2?

A

Injure at foramen rotundum

92
Q

Bleeding of the face – what would you ligate, facial artery or ECA?

A

Facial, but ECA for regions not supplied by FA (e.g. medial infraorbital region)

93
Q

Infection of upper lip and nose may seed intracranially via?

A

Cavernous sinus and pterygoid plexus

94
Q

In trying to hide scars, which will you follow? Langer or RSTL?

A

Langer’s lines; Z-plasty

95
Q

Cancer of the nasal tip, cheek, and pinna will likely drain first to which group of nodes?

A

Pinna and cheek - jugulodigastric; nasal tip - submandibular

OS 204 Finals (4 decks)

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