Orthotics Foundational Concepts Flashcards
What is the definition of orthosis?
- Straight, upright or correct
- Externally applied device used to modify the structural or functional characteristics of NM system
- External appliance worn to restrict or assist motion or to transfer load from one area to another
What is the definition of a splint?
Temporary device, only static properties
What is an orthotist?
Trained individual who fabricated orthoses
What does CO stand for?
Certified orthotist
What does CPO stand for?
Certified orthotist prosthetist
Name some ways that orthotics can can improve function
- Immobilize and protect weak, painful or healing M-S segments
- Relief of pain by limiting ROM or WB
- Reduction of axial load
- Prevent or correct deformity
- Enhance motor control function
What are three important ideas when considering the comfort of an orthotic?
- Maximize contact
- Snug fit
- Leverage
If there is a bending force (compression & tension) control is painted by what type of pressure system?
3 point
Describe a 3 point pressure system?
Involves a proximal and distal force on one side and a counterbalancing force on the opposite side
What is shear force?
Forces applied parallel to a surface
What is torsion?
Twisting force around an axis
The longer the orthosis the (smaller or greater) the leverage
Greater
As the length of the lever arm from the axis increases, the amount of force necessary to maintain the position (increase or decrease)
Decreases
What is the definition of a flexible deformity?
Alignment of part can be corrected to a neutral or optimal position
What is the definition of a rigid deformity?
Neutral alignment is not possible
What is the difference of between interim vs definitive duration of use?
- Interim: short term
- Definitive: Long term
What makes an orthotic dynamic?
Mechanically facilitates active movement
What makes an orthotic static?
- Maintains joint position/alignment
- Would allow movement if hinged
How do you know if an orthotic is classified as being plastic?
Plastic thigh, calf and foot component
How do you know if an orthotic is classified as being metal?
Metal calf component attached to a shoe
How do you know if an orthotic is classified as being hybrid?
Metal calf component attached to a plastic foot component
What is the difference between custom vs stock?
- Custom: Made to shape of individual
- Stock: Come in small, medium, large
What is the difference between bars and bands?
- Bars: Material oriented in vertical direction & rigid
- Bands: Rigid material that is horizontal
How do you know if an orthotic is rigid?
Will have bars and bands
How do you know if an orthotic is semirigid?
will have either bars or bands
How do you know if an orthotic is flexible?
No bars or bands
T/F: Only spinal and knee orthosis are classified using the terms, rigid, semirigid and flexible
True
T/F: all orthosis can be classified using the terms plastic, metal or hybrid
False: Only AFO, KFO, HFO & SMO
