Orthotics Flashcards
A force containing both direction and magnitude is called what?
A vector
The resultant force is a combination of what?
Two other vectors
The study of the path of motion is called…
Kinematics
The study of motion and the forces that produce it is called…
Kinetics
What is the name of a disease the presents as avascular necrosis of the femoral head?
Legg-Calve-Perthes disease
Who is most commonly affected by Legg-Calve-Perthes disease?
9-14 year old boys
Positioning the leg in what position can return the femoral head back into the acetabulum in Legg-Calve-Perthes disease?
Abduction and internal rotation
The difference between knee and ankle joint axis in the transverse plane is called what?
Tibial Torsion
What causes Charcot joint in the lower limb?
Neuropathic disease. Commonly diabetes. It is a progressive condition that involves the gradual weakening of bones, joints, and soft tissues of the foot or ankle.
The rapid, alternating involuntary movement elicited by a passive stretch in patients with spasticity is called what?
clonus
A patient presents with volar subluxation, ulnar deviation, and swan neck deformity in her fingers. What is a possible diagnosis?
Rhumatoid arthritis
A swan neck deformity presents as…
The PIP joints in hyperextension and the DIP joints are flexed.
Lateral epicondylitis is caused by what repetitive motion?
Repetitive extension of the wrist.
Carpel Tunnel Syndrome may result in numbness, tingling, and weakness in which part of the hand?
Thenar emminence, thumb, and digits 2 and 3.
The median nerve innervates which muscles of the hand?
- Lateral two lumbricals
- Opponens pollicis
- Abductor pollicis brevis
- Flexor pollicis brevis
True or False: A patient with a left sided CVA may experience right sided hemiplegia and aphasia.
True.
A child presents with a drooping eyelid, internal rotation of the shoulder, scapular winging, and and a flexion deformity of the wrist. What is a likely diagnosis for this child?
Erbs palsy
What is the etiology of Erbs Palsy?
It is an avulsion injury to the C5-C6 nerve roots of the brachial plexus caused most commonly during child birth from excessive pulling on the neck and head.
True or False: Guillian Barre is an infectious polyneuritis that leads to progressive muscular weakness that is usually fatal.
False: Prognosis is usually full recovery. Motor return is experienced proximally to distally.
A progressive neuromuscular atrophy characterized by weakness of the distal muscles of the arms and feet.
Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease
True or False: Cerebral Palsy is the most common motor disability in children.
True
What is the most common type of Cerebral Palsy?
Spastic
How may a patient with spastic diplegia cerebral palsy present?
Muscle stiffness primarily in the legs with the upper extremities being less affected or not affected at all.
Tightness in the hip and leg muscles may result in a scissoring gait.
True or False: A child with spastic hemiplegia will generally present with more spasticity in the leg than the arm.
False: Those with spastic hemiplegia experience spasticity only on one side of the body and typically the arm is more affected.