Orthopedic test Flashcards
Which of the following articulates with the head of the femur?
acetabulum
Intertrochanteric fractures most often occur in which age population?
elderly
A cyst in the popliteal fascia is called a/an
baker’s cyst
A flexion deformity at the proximal joint of the four lateral toes is called:
hammer toe
Which of the following is a commonly used self-retaining retractor used in total hip arthroplasty?
Charnley
Seamless tubular cotton that stretches to fit a contour and is used for padding is called
stockinette
The upper extermities have all of the following bones EXCEPT:
a. metatarsals
b. clavicle
c. humerus
d. scapula
Answer is a. metatarsals
The distal and proximal ends of long bones are called ____.
epiphyses
What are the five stages of bone healing IN ORDER:
hemorrhage, granulation,callus formation,consolidation, remodeling
A bucket handle tear in the medial cartilage of the knee is repaired by performing which of the following
meniscectomy
What is the term for softening of bone in children that is commonly called rickets?
osteomalacia
Which of the following muscles is NOT a part of the rotator cuff?
a. deltoid
b. infraspinatus
c. supraspinatus
d. subscapularis
a. deltoid
b. infraspinatus
c. supraspinatus
d. subscapularis
Answer is a. deltoid
The elbow is categorized as which type of joint?
diarthrosis
A tear in the lateral or medial knee cartilage is repaired by performing a/an:
Menisectomy
A discectomy is the surgical removal of___________________.
nucleus pulposus
What surgical procedure is performed to relieve pressure on the median nerve?
Carpal tunnel release
A fracture of the neck of the femur would require a/an
cannulated screw
Which of the following is the correct sequence of surgical instruments for the insertion of a bone screw?
drill, depth gauge, tap, screw
A dorsally angulated fracture of the distal radius is called a/an
Colles’ fracture
A rounded protuberance found at a point of articulation with another bone is called a
condyle
A laminectomy is a surgical procedure done to __________________
remove bony fragments
A surgical procedure in which a joint is fixed to prevent movement is called
Arthrodesis
Removal of a fluid-filled sac protruding between wrist joints for cosmesis or discomfort describes which procedure?
Excision of a ganglion
The longest bone in the body is the
femur
The dressing applied at the end of an orthopedic procedure which gives compression to the wound is a/an
ace or elastic bandage
A slender rod like bone that is located at the base of the neck and runs horizontally is the
clavicle
Which type of fracture is complete and results in several bony fragments?
comminuted
The procedure in which the attenuated anterior capsule of the shoulder is reattached to the rim of the glenoid fossa with sutures is called a/an:
Bankart
What is the medical term for a bunion
hallux valgus
Listen knife, Gigli saw, and Satterlee saw are examples of instruments used for which type of procedure?
amputation
An abnormal thoracic curve of the spine resulting in the pathology referred to as “hunchback” is called:
Kyphosis
Another name for the kneecap is
patella
The general term for joint reconstruction is:
arthroplasty
The periosteum is
the membrane that covers bone
Decreased bone mass results in a condition called:
osteoporosis
A Putti-Platt procedure is performed on the
shoulder
Which instrument is frequently used in arthroscpy to examine and manipulate internal structures
blunt probe
Which tendon is the thickest and strongest in the body?
achilles
Colles’ fracture is often treated by
closed reduction
What procedure is done to correct talipes valgus or talipes varus
triple arthrodesis
What is the primary reason for performing a total joint arthroplasty?
degenerative joint disease
Which bones are attached to each of the thoracic vertebrae?
ribs
In which anatomical structure is the patella contained?
quadriceps
Methyl methacrylate would most likely be used on which of the following procedures?
Total knee arthroplasty
artificial knee joint components
artificial hip joint components
tap
PMMA
femoral/tibial and patellar components
acetabular and femoral stem and head components
used to create threads in the bone, normally cortical bone
bone cement to hold prosthesis in place
Which of the following procedures would require the postoperative use of an abduction splint?
Total hip arthroplasty
A fractured metacarpal would require a
short arm cast
The most commonly fractured carpal bone is the
Scaphoid
Positioning on the fracture table requires a padded post to prevent which nerve from being damaged?
perineal
An infection of the bone is termed:
osteomyelitis
A Colles’ fracutre occurs in which bone(s)?
radius
Which type of casting material is lightweight, and strong?
fiberglass
The procedure in which the ulnar nerve is moved from the ulnar groove position on the posterior of the humerus to the anterior of the humeral condyle is called a/an:
Transposition
What surgical instrument is used to prepare the drilled hole for the screw during an ORIF?
Tap
Which of the following is a disadvantage of arthroscopic surgery?
scarring of articular surface
Which of the following terms describes a fracture in which the bone penetrates the skin?
Compound
The upper,flaring portion of hipbone is the
ilium
What specialized type of retractors are used during a rotator cuff repair that aids in exposure of the surgical site
Bankart
Which of the following demonstrates the correct order of steps for femoral canal preparation during total hip arthroplasty?
reamer, rasp, pulse lavage, implant trial
The bone in the axial skeleton that does not articulate with any other bone is the
hyoid
Which instrument is used to remove marrow from the canal of long bones for placement of prosthesis
intramedullary reamer
What tissue does the acetabular reamer remove?
cartilage
A Neer prosthesis is used for repair of comminuted fractures of the
humeral head
Which of the following would NOT be used to take a bone graft?
a. curettes
b. gouge
c. osteotomes
d. drill
Answer is d. drill
Which ligament of the knee keeps the femur from sliding posteriorly on the tibia and prevents hyperextension of the knee?
anterior cruciate
Which of the following is NOT a bone of the pelvis
a. ilium
b. pubis
c. femur
d. ischium
Answer is c. femur
Red blood cells are produced in the ____________ portion of bone.
red marrow
Death of bone tissue due to the lack of circulation is:
avascular necrosis
Manipulating bone fracture fragments into alignment without incising the skin is called ____.
closed reduction
The proximal end of the radius and C1 and C2 vertebrae are examples of which type of diarthrosis?
pivot
A fixation device that provides maximum holding and rigid fixation of a fracture by tightening bone fragments together is called a(n)
compression plate and screws
Which instrument is used to retract the muscles during a hip pinning
bennett retractor
Plaster is ready for application
when air bubbles cease to rise
A total hip arthroplasty consist of replacing:
hip joint with acetabular cup
An olecranon fracture occurs in the:
elbow
When a tourniquet is inflated during surgery, the surgeon is notified at which recommended time intervals?
at the hour, and every fifteen minutes thereafter
An infection of the bone is
osteomyelitis
Which suture is commonly used to attach tendon to bone?
fiber wire
Limb exsanguination is accomplished by using:
Esmarch bandage
A fracture of the femoral shaft would require a/an:
Hip spica cast
Which hemostatic agent is NOT used in orthopedics?
a. Gelfoam
b. bone wax
c. thrombin
d. oxidized cellulose
Answer is d. oxidized cellulose
The patient would be placed in the prone position for which of theses procedures?
Excision of a Baker’s Cyst
Which device is sometimes used for achieving and maintaining the lateral position?
vacuum beanbag
Plaster rolls for casting should be submerged in:
Neutral temperature
The bone that fits into the acetabulum, forming a joint, is the
femur
The epiphyses are the
ends of long bones
Screws come in which type(s)?
cancelloues and cortical
Bone grafts are usually taken from the ____.
iliac crest
The larger, weight-bearing bone of the lower leg is the
tibia
The power drill or saw used to divide bone with a “side-to-side” cutting action is a/an:
oscillating saw
Which condition is known as “bowlegged”?
genu varum
The number of pairs of ribs is
12
Which of the following pathologies is related to a specific autoimmune process that attacks the joints in the body?
rheumatoid arthritis
Where is the area of active bone growth
epiphyseal plate
What is polymethyl methycrylate used for in orthopedic procedures
bone cement
The ________is used to cut Steinman pins, while the __________is used to burrow an area of placement of implants.
pin cutter, reamer
All of the following statements are false EXCEPT ____.
a. surgical implants can be reused as a cost-effective measure.
b. surgical implants of differing types of alloys can be used to ensure stability.
c. surgical implant information including number used, type, and size is recorded on surgical chart
d. surgical implant use is limited to external fixation
Answer is c. surgical implant information including number used, type, and size is recorded on surgical chart
What is the name of the deep round fossa of the hip joint?
acetabulum
To maintain hydrostatic pressure against the joint wall during irrigation of an arthroscopic procedure the solution must be kept above the joint at least
3 feet
What fracture most commonly occurs in childhood?
greenstick
Which style of cast is applied to the trunk, around the affected leg, and around half of the unaffected leg?
hip spica
The initial step in the body’s repair of a fracture involves ____.
blood clot
Cancellous screw
cortical screw
lag screw
cannulated screw
screw with wider thread and wider spaced threads used in epiphyseal bone
screw with closely spaced shallow threads for dense bone found in diaphysis
screw that is partially threaded to compress bone between screw head and distal threads
screw with a hollow center, normally used over a guide wire or pin
A Keller arthroplasty or McBride procedure is performed to treat
bunions
How many cervical vertebrae are there?
7
Which of the following joints has the greatest range of motion?
glenohumeral
What is the proper wrapping procedure utilizing an Esmarch bandage?
start at the distal end of the extermity
Which orthopedic instrument has the appearance of a turkey foot or eagle’s talon?
lowman bone holder
Which of the following best describes an externally manipulated fracture of bone using internal pins and rods.
CRIF
