Orthopedic Diseases Flashcards
What is hip dysplasia
Congenital disease involving abnormal growth and development of the hip joint
The acetabulum of the pelvis is shallow and the head of the femur is not head tightly in place
What is hip dysplasia predisposed to
Hip luxation and predisposes the joint to earlier onset of arthritis
In what way will an animal with hip dysplasia walk
Hips swaying or bunny hopping
There will be decreased activity and difficulty rising and sitting
How do you diagnose hip dysplasia
Gait exams
Radiographs which show a shortened femoral neck or irregular femoral head and shallow acetabulum
Ortolani test
What is an ortolani test
It tests to attempt to subluxate the hip joint
A clunk is a positive test and it is when the femoral head is falling back into the acetabulum
How can you treat hip dysplasia
Appropriate nutrition and feed regimen
Maintain lean body weight
Joint supplements
Surgery in sever cases
Long term intervention using arthritis management
What kind of surgery can you do for hip dysplasia
Femoral head or neck ostectomy
Juvenile pubic symphysiodesis which is done in puppies under five months
Total hip replacement which is done in sever cases
What is leg clave pertheses disease
Avascular necrosis of femoral head and neck
Disease condition when the blood supply to femoral head and neck has been disrupted
Usually caused by trauma but can also be genetic
How can you diagnose legg clave perthes disease
Radiographs show destructive changes to femoral head
Patients show joint pain or lameness as bone structure and cartilage die
How to treat legg clave perthes disease
Surgery with femoral head and neck ostectomy is inevitable
What is a femoral head and neck ostectomy
Removal if the femoral head and neck
This creates a false joint
The surrounding musculature doesn’t attach to femoral head so the leg is used normally post op
What is hypertrophic osteodystrophy
Auto inflammatory disease usually seen in puppies 7w to 8mn
There is decreased blood flow to parts of the bone adjacent to the joint
What does hypertrophic osteodystrophy commonly involve
Long bones of the limb
Multiple limbs
Most common in large breeds
Signs of hypertrophic osteodystrophy
Limping or more more sever such as fever or anorexia
Swollen warm painful bones and not wanting to stand
How can you treat hypertrophic osteodystrophy
Suppressing inflammatory response using NAIDS or steroids
Additional analgesics
Some cases involve no intervention
