orthomyxoviridae

Question 1

general characteristics:

1. genetic material
2. enveloped?
3. important viruses

Answer 1

ssRNA

ENVELOPED (not stable)

EIV, AIV, SIV

Question 2

Equine Influenza Virus (EIV)

1. types of dz virus causes
2. method of transmission
3. zoonotic?
4. does it change/recombine/mutate
5. distribution
6. diagnosis
7. differential diagnosis
8. control

Answer 2

1. high fever, cough, nasal discharge, ocular discharge, swollen lymph nodes
2. inhalation of infected particles, contact. NOT VIREMIC. stays in resp tract.
3. not zoonotic
4. high capacity for recombination and genetic shift
5. worldwide dist
6. nasal swab for virus isolation/ ELISA/PCR

hemagglutination inhibition

7. EAV and EHV-1
8. vaccination

Question 3

AIV (Avian influenza virus)

1. types of dz virus causes
2. method of transmission
3. zoonotic?
4. does it change/recombine/mutate
5. distribution
6. diagnosis
7. differential diagnosis
8. control

Answer 3

1. (type A influenza- humans, birds, pigs, horses). can have low pathogenic (LPAI) - no clinical signs

High pathogenic (HPAI)- H5 or H7. watery diarrhea, depression, hemorrhagic necrosis, edema. multiorgan failure-> death

2. transmitted through saliva, feces, contaminated feed and water
3. is zoonotic!
4. can undergo genetic drift (pt mutation in hemagglutinin) or antigenic shirt- one cell infected with dif virus strains that combine to form a new virus
5. worldwide
6. PCR, virus isolation of trachea, lungs, brain, spleen, cloaca, Ag capture ELISA, hemagglutination assay
7. newcastle, infectious laryngotracheitis
8. surveillance and testing of migratory birds

Question 4

SIV (swine influenza virus)

1. types of dz virus causes
2. method of transmission
3. zoonotic?
4. does it change/recombine/mutate
5. distribution
6. diagnosis
7. differential diagnosis
8. control

Answer 4

1. swine are mixing vessels bc have receptors for both human and avian flu. signs = anorexia, fever, nasal discharge, cough.
2. nasal secretions from close contact and aerosol
3. is zoonotic
4. easily changes/recombines/mutates
5. worldwide
6. virus isolation, ELISA (ag capture), RT-PCR, IHC, IFA, hemagglutination inhibition asasy
7. PRRSV, porcine circovirus,
8. vaccines, biosecurity