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Family Medicine EOR > Ortho > Flashcards

Ortho Flashcards

1
Q

etiologies of low back pain

A

-injury to paravertebral spinal muscles
-intervertebral disk

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2
Q

management of low back pain

A

-reassurance and education
-NSAIDs and tylenol

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3
Q

MOI of olecranon bursitis

A

direct blow

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4
Q

Presentation of olecranon bursitis

A

pain and swelling of bursa

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5
Q

diagnosis of bursitis

A

aspiration of fluid

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6
Q

management of bursitis

A

-mild: NSAIDs
-severe: aspirate, compression bandage

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7
Q

treatment of septic bursitis

A

mild: bactrim
severe: IV vanc

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8
Q

s/s of rotator cuff tendonitits

A

-aching and soreness with repetitive activity
-pain with ADLs
-positive empty can, neers, and hawkins
-tender to palpation

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9
Q

diagnosis of rotator cuff tendonitis

A

-US
-MRI

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10
Q

management of rotator cuff tendonitis

A

rest and PT

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11
Q

presentation of costochondritis

A

pain and tenderness on the breastbone, pain in multiple ribs that is reproducible

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12
Q

diagnosis of costochondritis

A

Clinical

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13
Q

Treatment of costochondritis

A

NSAIDs

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14
Q

s/s of gout

A

-swollen, red joint
-mc at night

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15
Q

diagnosis of gout

A

-joint fluid analysis
-rat bite on xray

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16
Q

treatment of gout

A

-low purine diet
-NSAIDs
-Colchicine
-Allopurinol
-corticosteroids for acute attack

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17
Q

gout vs pseudogout

A

Gout - negatively birefringent; Crystals are NEEDLE shaped and yellow when parallel to the light

Pseudogout - weakly positive birefringent; Crystals are RHOMBOID shaped and blue when parallel to the light

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18
Q

treatment of pseudogout

A

NSAIDs

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19
Q

what is fibromyalgia

A

widespread musculoskeletal pain with multiple tender points but no clear objective findings

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20
Q

s/s of fibromyalgia

A

-chronic fatigue and generalized aching pain
-worsens with exertion
-normal exam
-associated psych conditions
-at least 3 months

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21
Q

diagnosis of fibromyalgia

A

diagnosis of exclusion

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22
Q

treatment of fibromyalgia

A

-aerobic activity
-cymbalta
-cyclobenzaprine
-amytriptyline

23
Q

cause of ganglion cyst

A

fluid filled swelling over a joint or tendon sheath

24
Q

s/s of ganglion cyst

A

-firm, smooth, and rubbery
-transilluminates

25
management of ganglion cyst
-observation -aspiration -surgical removal
26
etiology of osteoarthritis
-mechanical stress
27
s/s of osteoarthritis
pain, stiffness, enlargement, tenderness, limited range of motion and deformity
28
diagnosis of osteoarthritis
xray
29
treatment of osteoarthritis
- tylenol -NSAIDs -joint injection -joint replacement
30
etiology of osteoporosis
-medications -hormones -old age -malnutrition
31
s/s of osteoporosis
-pathologic fracture -loss of vertebral height -back pain
32
pathologic fractures
-compression fracture of vertebrae -hip fracture -distal radius fracture
33
diagnosis of osteoporosis
T score <-2.5
34
normal T score
T >-1.0
35
treatment of osteoporosis
-lifestyle modifications -vitamin D -bisphosphonates
36
overuse syndrome
injury caused by accumulated microtraumatic stress placed on a structure or body area
37
treatment of overuse syndrome
-reassurance -NSAIDs -rest
38
MCC of heel pain
plantar fasciitis
39
s/s of plantar fasciitis
-heel pain when walking -most severe first thing in morning -tenderness along plantar fascia
40
treatment of plantar fasciitis
-OTC orthotic heel pad -home stretching program -NSAIDs
41
s/s of reactive arthritis
-arthritis -urethritis -conjunctivitis -uveitis -mouth ulcers
42
diagnosis of reactive arthritis
HLA-B27 positive, negative synovial fluid culture
43
treatment of reactive arthritis
-NSAIDs -anti-TNF
44
s/s of rheumatoid arthritis
-symmetrical swelling of multiple joints -stiffness for first 30 minutes in morning and after inactivity -hand deformities -rheumatoid nodules
45
diagnosis of RA
-anti-CCP and RF
46
treatment of RA
-methotrexate
47
sprain vs strain
-sprain: ligament -strain: muscle
48
s/s of sprains/strains
-swelling -tenderness -pain -bruising
49
grading of muscle strains
-1: few fibers torn, fascia intact -2: moderate amount of fibers torn, fascia intact -3: all or most of fibers torn, fascia intact -4: tear of all fibers, fascia torn
50
grading of ligament sprains
-1: few fibers torn -2: partial tear of ligament -3: complete tear of ligament
51
treatment of strains and sprains
-RICE -work on ROM after a couple days
52
s/s of SLE
-low grade fever -joint pain -butterfly rash
53
diagnosis of SLE
-4/11 s/s present -anti-dsDNA -anti-smith -ANA
54
treatment of lupus
-hydroxychloroquine

Family Medicine EOR (17 decks)

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