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Family Medicine EOR > Ortho > Flashcards

Ortho Flashcards

1
Q

etiologies of low back pain

A

-injury to paravertebral spinal muscles
-intervertebral disk

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2
Q

management of low back pain

A

-reassurance and education
-NSAIDs and tylenol

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3
Q

MOI of olecranon bursitis

A

direct blow

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4
Q

Presentation of olecranon bursitis

A

pain and swelling of bursa

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5
Q

diagnosis of bursitis

A

aspiration of fluid

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6
Q

management of bursitis

A

-mild: NSAIDs
-severe: aspirate, compression bandage

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7
Q

treatment of septic bursitis

A

mild: bactrim
severe: IV vanc

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8
Q

s/s of rotator cuff tendonitits

A

-aching and soreness with repetitive activity
-pain with ADLs
-positive empty can, neers, and hawkins
-tender to palpation

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9
Q

diagnosis of rotator cuff tendonitis

A

-US
-MRI

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10
Q

management of rotator cuff tendonitis

A

rest and PT

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11
Q

presentation of costochondritis

A

pain and tenderness on the breastbone, pain in multiple ribs that is reproducible

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12
Q

diagnosis of costochondritis

A

Clinical

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13
Q

Treatment of costochondritis

A

NSAIDs

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14
Q

s/s of gout

A

-swollen, red joint
-mc at night

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15
Q

diagnosis of gout

A

-joint fluid analysis
-rat bite on xray

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16
Q

treatment of gout

A

-low purine diet
-NSAIDs
-Colchicine
-Allopurinol
-corticosteroids for acute attack

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17
Q

gout vs pseudogout

A

Gout - negatively birefringent; Crystals are NEEDLE shaped and yellow when parallel to the light

Pseudogout - weakly positive birefringent; Crystals are RHOMBOID shaped and blue when parallel to the light

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18
Q

treatment of pseudogout

A

NSAIDs

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19
Q

what is fibromyalgia

A

widespread musculoskeletal pain with multiple tender points but no clear objective findings

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20
Q

s/s of fibromyalgia

A

-chronic fatigue and generalized aching pain
-worsens with exertion
-normal exam
-associated psych conditions
-at least 3 months

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21
Q

diagnosis of fibromyalgia

A

diagnosis of exclusion

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22
Q

treatment of fibromyalgia

A

-aerobic activity
-cymbalta
-cyclobenzaprine
-amytriptyline

23
Q

cause of ganglion cyst

A

fluid filled swelling over a joint or tendon sheath

24
Q

s/s of ganglion cyst

A

-firm, smooth, and rubbery
-transilluminates

25
Q

management of ganglion cyst

A

-observation
-aspiration
-surgical removal

26
Q

etiology of osteoarthritis

A

-mechanical stress

27
Q

s/s of osteoarthritis

A

pain, stiffness, enlargement, tenderness, limited range of motion and deformity

28
Q

diagnosis of osteoarthritis

A

xray

29
Q

treatment of osteoarthritis

A
  • tylenol
    -NSAIDs
    -joint injection
    -joint replacement
30
Q

etiology of osteoporosis

A

-medications
-hormones
-old age
-malnutrition

31
Q

s/s of osteoporosis

A

-pathologic fracture
-loss of vertebral height
-back pain

32
Q

pathologic fractures

A

-compression fracture of vertebrae
-hip fracture
-distal radius fracture

33
Q

diagnosis of osteoporosis

A

T score <-2.5

34
Q

normal T score

A

T >-1.0

35
Q

treatment of osteoporosis

A

-lifestyle modifications
-vitamin D
-bisphosphonates

36
Q

overuse syndrome

A

injury caused by accumulated microtraumatic stress placed on a structure or body area

37
Q

treatment of overuse syndrome

A

-reassurance
-NSAIDs
-rest

38
Q

MCC of heel pain

A

plantar fasciitis

39
Q

s/s of plantar fasciitis

A

-heel pain when walking
-most severe first thing in morning
-tenderness along plantar fascia

40
Q

treatment of plantar fasciitis

A

-OTC orthotic heel pad
-home stretching program
-NSAIDs

41
Q

s/s of reactive arthritis

A

-arthritis
-urethritis
-conjunctivitis
-uveitis
-mouth ulcers

42
Q

diagnosis of reactive arthritis

A

HLA-B27 positive, negative synovial fluid culture

43
Q

treatment of reactive arthritis

A

-NSAIDs
-anti-TNF

44
Q

s/s of rheumatoid arthritis

A

-symmetrical swelling of multiple joints
-stiffness for first 30 minutes in morning and after inactivity
-hand deformities
-rheumatoid nodules

45
Q

diagnosis of RA

A

-anti-CCP and RF

46
Q

treatment of RA

A

-methotrexate

47
Q

sprain vs strain

A

-sprain: ligament
-strain: muscle

48
Q

s/s of sprains/strains

A

-swelling
-tenderness
-pain
-bruising

49
Q

grading of muscle strains

A

-1: few fibers torn, fascia intact
-2: moderate amount of fibers torn, fascia intact
-3: all or most of fibers torn, fascia intact
-4: tear of all fibers, fascia torn

50
Q

grading of ligament sprains

A

-1: few fibers torn
-2: partial tear of ligament
-3: complete tear of ligament

51
Q

treatment of strains and sprains

A

-RICE
-work on ROM after a couple days

52
Q

s/s of SLE

A

-low grade fever
-joint pain
-butterfly rash

53
Q

diagnosis of SLE

A

-4/11 s/s present
-anti-dsDNA
-anti-smith
-ANA

54
Q

treatment of lupus

A

-hydroxychloroquine

Family Medicine EOR (17 decks)

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