Origins of the Cold War Flashcards
What year was the Yalta Conference in?
1945
What year was the Potsdam conference in?
1945
What year was the Tehran conference in?
1943
Countries in the Grand Alliance?
Britain, USA and Soviet Union
Name the Big Three
Churchill, Roosevelt and Stalin
One agreement of Yalta conference
United Nations would be set up
Germany would have to pay reparations
Germany would be divided and demilitarised when defeated
One agreement of Potsdam conference
Nazi Party banned
Berlin divided into zones of occupation
Council of Foreign Ministers set up
One agreement of Tehran conference
USSR declare war on Japan once Germany defeated
USA and Britain agreed to invade Nazi-occupied Europe
Name Roosevelt’s successor
Truman
Two factors that ended the grand alliance.
USA dropped atomic bombs on Japan in 1945 (gave them military advantage)
Truman tried to push Stalin around in Potsdam
Date of the Long Telegram?
1946
Date of the Novikov’s Telegram?
1946
Two things that the Long Telegram said?
Soviets saw Capitalism as a threat that needed to be destroyed
Soviets building military power
Peace between Capitalists and Communists was not possible
Two things that the Novikov’s telegram said?
USA wanted world domination and building military strength
USA preparing for war with the Soviets
Soviets were the only people after the war that could stand up to the USA
Name two satellite states
Poland and Hungary
What was a ‘satellite state’?
A country under the Soviet’s control and sphere of influence
What year was the Truman doctrine and the Marshall Plan?
1947
Two factors that Truman said in the Truman doctrine?
Countries faced a choice between capitalism and communism.
Communism evil and Capitalism good
USA must contain communism
Two factors of the Marshall Plan
$13 billion from USA to help rebuild Europe
Countries must trade with the USA to get the money
Two countries that took the money offered via Marshall Aid?
Britain
France
Germany
Cominform set up when and by who?
1947 by Stalin
One key point of Cominform?
Eliminated opposition to the Soviet control of Satellite States
Comecon set up when and by who?
1949 by Stalin
One key point of Comecon?
Built trade links between Comecon countries
Prevented Comecon countries signing up to the Marshall Plan
Three countries in Comecon
Soviet Union, Poland and Hungary
When was NATO set up?
1949
Three countries in NATO
US, Britain and France
One significance of NATO
It showed that Western governments would not accept future Soviet aggression
Consequence of Cominform, Comecon and NATO
Western Europe in one camp linked to USA
Eastern Europe in one camp linked to Soviets
What was Bizonia?
The area in which the USA and Britain Berlin zones joined together
Countries in Western Germany
USA, Britain and France
What year was the Berlin airlift?
1949
Why did Stalin create a blockade in 1948? (2 key features)
To try and force Western powers out of Berlin and to prove he had the power to stop a divided Germany from working
What year was the Warsaw Pact formed
1955
One significance of the Warsaw Pact
There were now two opposing alliances in Europe (NATO and the Warsaw Pact)
Two negative impacts on Hungary due to the Soviet control
Food shipped off to the Soviets
Any opposition in Hungary was wiped out
Who succeeded Stalin and when
Khrushchev, 1956
When was Nagy appointed prime minister of Hungary
1956
One reform Nagy wanted for Hungary
To leave the Warsaw Pact
When was the Soviet invasion of Hungary
1956
One reason for the Soviet invasion of Hungary
Khrushchev disapproved of Nagy’s reforms
Two consequences of the Soviet invasion of Hungary
5,000 Hungarians killed
Nagy deposed
How many Soviet troops invaded Hungary in 1956
200,000
