Origins of Genetic Variation

Question 1

What is the significance of mutation and polymorphism WITHIN species?

Answer 1

Produces genetic variation essential for adaptation

Question 2

What are the Effects/Impacts of Transposons?

Answer 2

Mutations that destroy gene function, Change patterns of gene expression, Inversions that prevent combination

Question 3

What is a Pseudogene?

Answer 3

A gene that has been mutated to the point where it is not functional

Question 4

How can you tell if a mutation is under positive selection?

Answer 4

If nonsynonymous mutations are accumulating at a relatively fast rate, assume that the changes must be under positive selection

Question 5

How can you tell if a mutation is under negative selection?

Answer 5

If the rate of synonymous mutations is higher than the rate of nonsynonymous mutations then the changes must be under negative selection

Question 6

Is genome size related to organism complexity?

Answer 6

No

Question 7

What are the Limits of Mutation?

Answer 7

Mutation only alters preexisting traits, Many mutations have the same phenotypic effects, Not all mutations are equally likely to occur

Question 8

Are some areas of DNA more susceptible to mutation?

Answer 8

Yes.