Evolutionary Patterns

Question 1

How do you know something is Homologous?

Answer 1

Same basic structure, Same position relative to other parts of the body, Change in size, shape, and/or function

Question 2

What is Parallel Evolution?

Answer 2

Independent evolution of a change using the same genetic mechanism

Question 3

What is Convergent Evolution?

Answer 3

Similarity between structures that do not develop from the same genetic mechanism

Question 4

What is Mosaic Evolution?

Answer 4

The concept that not all characters evolve at the same rate. Some are Conservative–rarely change. Some are Liable–change a lot

Question 5

What is Von Baer’s Law?

Answer 5

Species are often more similar as embryos than as adults

Question 6

What is Individualization?

Answer 6

Modifying developmental program so duplicated structures can have differentiation. Ex) Teeth

Question 7

What is Heterochrony?

Answer 7

Change in the timing or rate of development?

Question 8

What is Paedomorphosis?

Answer 8

Accelerated Maturity

Question 9

What is Peramorphosis?

Answer 9

Delayed Maturity

Question 10

What is Allometry?

Answer 10

Differential rate of growth. Ex) Length vs. Width

Question 11

What is Heterotropy?

Answer 11

Change in the position where a phenotypic character is expressed. Developmental program turned on where it normally isn’t.