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GCSE History- cold war > Origins of cold war > Flashcards

Origins of cold war Flashcards

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1
Q

What were the main political and economical features of the USA?

A
  • Democratic system of government
  • Capitalist economy
  • Freedom of speech, movement etc.
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2
Q

What were the main political and economical features of the USSR

A
  • Could only vote for members of communist party called the supreme soviets which had no real power
  • Individuals seen as less important than the society as a whole
  • USSR owned all industry
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3
Q

Teheran conference- when, who, what (agree/disagree)?

A
  • 1943
  • The big three (Stalin, Roosevelt, Churchill)
  • Soviets could have a sphere of influence in eastern Europe
  • Undecided about what to do with Germany- Churchill and Roosevelt wanted to rebuild it to trade, Stalin wanted to weaken it so they couldn’t invade
  • Cracks started to show
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4
Q

Yalta conference- when, who, what (agree/disagree)?

A
  • February 1945 (defeat of Germany is inevitable)
  • The big three
  • Germany would be divided into four zones; USA, France, Britain and USSR, Berlin would be divided in the same way
  • Countries of Eastern Europe would be allowed free elections but heavily influenced by Stalin
  • USSR join war against Japan
  • Hunt down and try Nazi war criminals
  • Creation of UN
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5
Q

Potsdam conference- when, who, what (agree/disagree)?

A
  • July- August 1945 (war still on in Japan)
  • Truman, Attlee and Stalin (Didn’t get on well)
  • Nazi party banned
  • Demilitarise and democrasise Germany
  • Britain and USA denied Stalin a naval base in the Mediterranean
  • Still disagreements over reparations for Germany
  • Stalin had set up communist govt in Poland
  • Atom bomb testing created tensions
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6
Q

When had it become clear that Europe had been divided?

A

1945

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7
Q

What were the satellite states?

A

Nations that rely on and obey the wishes of a larger, more powerful country
In the 1940s, satellite states had gone from Nazi to Soviet dictatorship after Soviets left troops in them after liberations

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8
Q

What did Stalin do to ensure communist govt in Eastern Europe?

A

He rigged elections and beat, murdered, or frightened into submission opponents of communists

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9
Q

By what year had all Eastern European countries become communist?

A

1948

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10
Q

What was containment?

A

Using US influence and military resources to prevent the expansion of communism into non-communist countries

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11
Q

What was the ‘Long Telegram’?

A

A secret telegram from America’s ambassador suggesting that Stalin was determined to destroy capitalism

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12
Q

What were the causes of Truman Doctrine and when was it established?

A

1947, Truman didn’t like Stalin, he believed he was spreading communism and it would spread to the west

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13
Q

What were the key features of Truman Doctrine?

A

Containment, military threat and force and endorsing captalism

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14
Q

What were the consequences of Truman Doctrine?

A

USA threatened to drop the atom bomb, and USSR angry so wanted to push communism further

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15
Q

What were the causes of the Greek civil war?

A

Much of Greece was poor so communism was attractive

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16
Q

What were the key features of the Greek civil war?

A
  • Between royalists and communists
  • Britain funded royalists but couldn’t afford to so USA stepped in
  • Greece was in eastern Europe so Stalin wanted it to be communist
17
Q

What were the consequences of the Greek civil war?

A
  • USA became involved in European affairs

- Royalists won so USSR lost so USA could gloat

18
Q

What were the causes of the Marshall aid and when was it established?

A
  • 1947-51
  • Countries in economic struggle turned to communism so if they are helped they remain capitalist
  • America seen as good guys as they are helping everyone
19
Q

What were the key features of Marshall aid?

A
  • USA offered to aid all of war-torn European countries (Britain received most)
  • They offered money, equipment and goods, so in return they would buy US goods and allow US companies to invest
20
Q

What were the consequences of Marshall aid?

A
  • USA make USSR seem bad
  • USSR angrier
  • USA even offer money to USSR
  • Stalin prevented eastern Europe from taking the money (except Yugoslavia)
  • Widened the gap between east and west
21
Q

What were the causes of Cominform and when was it established?

A
  • 1947
  • Response to the Truman Doctrine by USSR
  • Coordinating communist parties in Eastern Europe
  • Controlling ideas and information
22
Q

What were the key features of Cominform

A
  • Censorship and propaganda

- Wanted countries to become communist

23
Q

What were the consequences of Cominform?

A
  • Trying to control each other’s ideas

- Gap widened even more

24
Q

What is Cominform?

A

The communist information bureau established in 1947 to exchange information among 9 eastern European countries and coordinate activities

25
Q

What is Comecon?

A

The association of soviet oriented communist countries set up in 1949 to coordinate economic development

26
Q

What were the causes of Comecon and when was it established?

A
  • 1949
  • Soviet response to Marshall aid
  • Soviet union controlling eastern European countries’ economies
27
Q

What were the key features of Comecon?

A

-Stalin made different countries specialise in different industries which meant that they didn’t have well rounded industries

28
Q

What were the consequences of Comecon?

A
  • co-dependent-relied on each other
  • Strengthened soviet union control
  • USSR and USA annoyed at each other

GCSE History- cold war (6 decks)

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