Origin of the universe Flashcards

1
Q

What does the universe seem to be doing?

A

Expanding

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2
Q

Where are galaxies moving?

A

Away from eachother

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3
Q

Light from other galaxies is…

A

Red-shifted

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4
Q

What do different chemical elements absorb?

A

Different frequencies of light

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5
Q

What does each element produce?

A

A specific pattern of dark lines at the frequency it absorbs in the visible spectrum

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6
Q

What do you see when you look at light from distant galaxies?

A

The same patterns at lower frequencies

Shifted towards the red end of the spectrum

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7
Q

What is red shift?

A

When frequencies are lower so they are shifted to the red end of the spectrum

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8
Q

What is the Doppler effect?

A

Lower pitch when passed and moving away from you

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9
Q

What happens when something emits waves towards or away from you?

A

Wavelengths and frequencies are different compared to when the source is stationary

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10
Q

What is the frequency of a source moving towards you?

A

Higher

Shorter wavelength

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11
Q

What is the frequency of a source moving away from you?

A

Lower

Longer wavelength

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12
Q

What does the Doppler effect happen to?

A

Longitudinal waves

Transverse waves

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13
Q

What happens to the red shift when a galaxy is further away?

A

Greater red-shift

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14
Q

What does red shift suggest?

A

All galaxies are moving away from us quickly

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15
Q

What does red shift provide?

A

Evidence the universe is expanding

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16
Q

What does it mean if a galaxy is further away from us?

A

They are moving faster

17
Q

What was the big bang?

A

ALL matter and energy compressed into a small space

It exploded from a single point

18
Q

What is the estimated time the bang occurred?

A

14 billion years ago

19
Q

What is the steady state theory?

A

States the universe has always existed as it is now

Suggests that matter is being created in the spaces as the universe expands

20
Q

What is evidence proving the big bang?

A

Discovery of cosmic microwave background radiation

CMBR

21
Q

What have scientists detected?

A

Low frequency electromagnetic radiation coming from all parts of the universe

22
Q

Where is low frequency electromagnetic radiation in the EM spectrum?

23
Q

What is the only theory which can explain CMBR?

24
Q

What happened just after the big bang?

A

The universe was extremely hot and emitted high frequency radiation

25
What happened as the universe expanded?
Cooled and the radiation dropped frequency | Now seen as microwave radiation
26
What does the big bang theory predict?
The universe expansion is slowing down however it is actually speeding up
27
What does the big bang theory not explain?
What caused the explosion | What conditions were like before