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Gross Anatomy 1 > Origin and Insertion of Thoracic Limb > Flashcards

Origin and Insertion of Thoracic Limb Flashcards

1
Q

Superficial pectoral muscle

A

Origin: first three sternebrae; median fibrous raphe at the ventral midline

Insertion: crest of the greater tubercle of the humerus

Action: adduct limb (non-weight bearing) prevent abduction of limb (weight-bearing)

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2
Q

Deep pectoral muscle

A

Origin: ventral part of sternum; median fibrous raphe at the ventral midline

Insertion: Lesser tubercle of the humerus (major portion of insertion); greater tubercle and the crest of the humerus via aponeurosis

Action: pull trunk cranially when limb is advanced and fixed; extend shoulder; draw limb caudally when not supporting weight

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3
Q

Brachiocephalicus

A

Cleidobrachialis
Cleidocephalicus

Origin: Clavicular intersection

Insertion: distal end of cranial humerus; middorsal fibrous raphe of the neck; mastoid part of the temporal bone

Action: advance the limb; extend shoulder; draw head and neck to the side

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4
Q

Omotransversarius

A

Origin : wing (transverse process) of the atlas (cervical vertebra 1)

Insertion: distal end of the spine of the scapula

Action: to advance the limb or flex the neck laterally

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5
Q

Trapezius

A

Origin: the median fibrous raphe of the neck and the supraspinous ligament

Insertion: the spine of the scapula

Action: to elevate and abduct the forelimb

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6
Q

Rhomboideus

A 
Rhomboideus cervicis (to the neck)
Rhomboideus capitis (to the head)
Rhomboideus thoracis (to the thorax)

Origin: base of the skull (nuchal crest of occipital bone); median fibrous raphe of neck; spinous process of thoracic vertebra

Insertion: the dorsal border of the scapula

Action: to elevate the forelimb and draw the scapula against the trunk

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7
Q

Latissimus dorsi

A

Origin: the throacolumbar fascia; last few ribs

Insertion: the teres major tuberosity of the humerus via the teres major tendon

Action: to draw the free limb caudally as in digging; to flex the shoulder joint

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8
Q

Serratus ventralis

A

Serratus ventralis cervicis
Serratus ventralis thoracis

Origin: ribs; transverse process of cervical vertebrae

Insertion: the serrated face of the scapula

Action: to support the trunk and depress the scapula

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9
Q

Deltoideus

A

Origin: spine and acromion of the scapula

Insertion: deltoid tuberosity of the humerus

Action: flex shoulder

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10
Q

Infraspinatus

A

Origin: infraspinous fossa of the scapula

Insertion: lateral side of the greater tubercle of the humerus

Action: laterally stabilizes the shoulder (prevents medial rotation while weight-bearing); abduct and laterally rotate shoulder; assists other muscles in the extension of flexion of shoulder

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11
Q

Teres Minor

A

Origin: infraglenoid tubercle of the scapula; distal caudal border of the scapula

Insertion: teres minor tuberosity of the humerus

Action: laterally stabilizes the shoulder (prevents medial rotation while weight-bearing) ; laterally rotate shoulder; flex shoulder (assists other muscles)

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12
Q

Supraspinatus

A

Origin: supraspinous fossa of the scapula

Insertion: greater tubercle of the humerus (thick tendon)

Action: laterally stabilized the shoulder (prevents medial rotation while weight-bearing); extend shoulder

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13
Q

Subscapularis

A

Origin: Subscapular fossa of the scapula

Insertion: lesser tubercle of the humerus

Action: medially stabilizes the shoulder (prevents lateral rotation while weight-bearing); adduct shoulder; extend

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14
Q

Teres Major

A

Origin: caudal angle and caudal border of the scapula; subscapularis muscle

Insertion: teres major tuberosity of the humerus

Action: flex shoulder; rotate limb medially

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15
Q

Coracobrachialis

A

Origin: coracoid process of the scapula

Insertion: crest of the lesser tubercle of the humerus, near the teres major tuberosity

Action: mainly a shoulder stabilizer, but can assist in adduction and/or extension of the shoulder

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16
Q

Tensor fasciae antebrachii

A

Origin: fascia covering the lateral surface of the latissimus dorsi muscle

Insertion: olecranon of the ulna, in common with the tendon of insertion of the triceps brachii muscle

Action: extend elbow

17
Q

Triceps brachii

A

Origin: long head-> caudal border of scapula. Other heads-> tricipital line, proximal humerus (neck, lesser tubercle, and crest of the lesser tubercle)

Insertion: olecranon of ulna

Action: flex shoulder (long head); extend elbow (all heads)

18
Q

Anconeus

A

Origin: lateral supracondylar crest of the humerus; lateral and medial epicondyles of the humerus

Insertion: proximal and lateral aspect of the ulna

Action: extend elbow

19
Q

Biceps Brachii

A

Origin: supraglenoid tubercle of scapula

Insertion: radial and ulnar tuberosity

Action: extend shoulder; flex elbow

20
Q

Brachialis

A

Origin: brachialis groove (proximal and lateral aspect of the humerus)

Insertion: radial and ulnar tuberosity

Action: flex elbow

21
Q

Extensor carpi radialis

A

Origin: lateral supracondylar crest of the humerus

Insertion: metacarpal tuberosities (dorsal aspect) of MCII and III

Action: extend carpus

22
Q

Common digital extensor

A

Origin: lateral epicondyle of the humerus

Insertion: extensor process of the distal phalanx of digits 2,3,4,5 (extensor process of distal phalanges II, III, IV, and V)

Action: extend the joints of the four principal digits (2, 3, 4, and 5)

23
Q

Lateral digital extensor

A

Origin: lateral epicondyle of the humerus

Insertion: extensor process of the distal phalanx of digits 3, 4, and 5 (extensor process of distal phalanges III, IV, and V) proximal ends (base) of all phalanges of same digits

Action: extend the joints of digits 3, 4, and 5

24
Q

Ulnaris Lateralis

A

Origin: lateral epicondyle of the humerus

Insertion: lateral aspect of the proximal end (base) of MC V; accessory carpal bone

Action: abduct carpus; flex carpus

25
Q

Supinator

A

Origin: lateral epicondyle of the humerus

Insertion: cranial aspect of proximal radius

Action: supinator (rotate antebrachium laterally so that the palmar surface of the paw faces medially)

26
Q

Pronator teres

A

Origin: medial epicondyle of the humerus

Insertion: medial border of the radius

Action: pronation

27
Q

Abductor pollicis longus

A

Origin: lateral and cranial border of the ulna; interosseus membrane between the radius and ulna

Insertion: proximal end of the metacarpal I

Action: abduct digit I

28
Q

Flexor carpi radialis

A

Origin: medial epicondyle of the humerus; medial border of the radius

Insertion: palmar surface of the proximal aspect (base) of MC II and III

Action: flex carpus

29
Q

Superficial digital flexor

A

Origin: Medial epicondyle of the humerus

Insertion: palmar surface of the proximal aspect (base) of the middle phalanges of digits 2, 3, 4, and 5

Action: flex carpus; flex digits 2-5

30
Q

Flexor carpi ulnaris

A

Origin: medial epicondyle of the humerus; olecranon caudal and medial aspect

Insertion: accessory carpal bone

Action: flex carpus

31
Q

Deep digital flexor

A

Origin: medial epicondyle of humerus; ulna; radius

Insertion: flexor tubercle (palmar surface of the base) of the distal phalanx of each digit

Action: flex carpus; flex digits

Gross Anatomy 1 (2 decks)

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