ORGINS/INSERTIONS/ACTIONS

Question 1

GLUTEUS MAXIMUS

Answer 1

Origin:
-Between posterior gluteal line and iliac crest
-Dorsal surface of sacrum and coccyx
-Sacrotuberous ligament

Insertion:
-Iliotibial tract (IT band)
-Gluteal tuberosity

Action:
-EXTENDS HIP
-LATERALLY ROTATES HIP
-Abducts/adducts hip

Question 2

GLUTEUS MEDIUS

Answer 2

Origin:
-Between posterior and anterior gluteal line

Insertion:
-Lateral aspect of greater trochanter

Action:
-ABDUCTS HIP
-MEDIALLY ROTATES HIP
-Flexes/extends hip
-Laterally rotates hip

Question 3

GLUTEUS MINIMUS
(cannot palpate!!)

Answer 3

Origin:
-Between anterior and inferior gluteal lines

Insertions:
-Anterior aspect of the greater trochanter

Actions:
-ABDUCTS HIP
-MEDIALLY ROTATES HIP
-Flexes hip

Question 4

TENSOR FASCIA LATAE

Answer 4

Origin:
-Lateral aspect ASIS

Insertion:
-Iliotibial tract (IT band)

Actions:
-ABDUCTS HIP
-MEDIALLY ROTATES HIP
-FLEXES HIP

Question 5

PIRIFORMIS

Answer 5

Origin:
-Anterior surface between sacrum between 2nd + 4th sacral foramen

Insertion:
-Superior border greater trochanter

Action:
-Laterally rotates extended high
-Abducts flexed hip
-Stabilizes hip

Question 6

OBTURATOR EXTERNUS

Answer 6

Origin:
-ramus of pubis and ischium obturator membrane

Insertion:
-trochanteric fossa

Action:
-Laterally rotates hip

Question 7

OBTURATOR INTERNUS

Answer 7

Origin:
-Pelvic surface of obturator membrane + adjacent bones

Insertion:
-Medial surface of greater trochanter

Action:
-Laterally rotate extended thigh
-Abduct flexed thigh
-Stabilize hip

Question 8

Superior gemellus

Answer 8

Origin:
-Ischial spine

Insertion:
-Blends in w/ obturator internus (medial surface of greater trochanter)

Action:
-Laterally rotate extended thigh
-Abduct flexed thigh
-Stabilize hip

Question 9

INFERIOR GEMELLUS

Answer 9

Origin:
-Superior aspect ischial tuberosity

Insertion:-Blends in w/ obturator internus (medial surface of greater trochanter)

Action:
-Laterally rotate extended thigh
-Abduct flexed thigh
-Stabilize hip

Question 10

QUADRATE FEMORIS

Answer 10

Origin:
-Lateral aspect of ischial tuberosity

Insertion:
-Quadrate tubercle + adjacent inferior bones

Action:
-Laterally rotates thigh
-Stabilizes hipxxygr

Question 11

BICEPS FEMORIS

Answer 11

Origin:
-Long head = ischial tuberosity
-Short head = lateral lip of linea aspera

Insertion:
-Head of fibula and lateral condyle of tibia

Action:
-Extends the hip (LH)
-Laterally rotates extended hip (LH)
-Flexes knee (LH + SH)
-With flexed knee, laterally rotates the bottom portion of the leg (LH + SH)

Question 12

Semimembranosus

Answer 12

Origin
-Ischial tuberosity

Insertion:
-Posterior superior aspect of medial condyle of tibia

Actions:
-Extends hip
-With hip extended it medially rotates the thigh
-Flexes knee
-With the knee flexed it medially rotates the lower leg

Question 13

Semitendinosus

Answer 13

Origin:
-Ischial tuberosity

Insertion:
-Anterior medial aspect proximal end of tibia

Action:
-Extends hip
-With hip extended it medially rotates the thigh
-Flexes knee
-With the knee flexed it medially rotates the lower leg

Question 14

Iliacus

Answer 14

Origin:
-Iliac crest, iliac fossa, ala of sacrum, anterior sacroiliac ligament

Insertion:
-Tendon of psoas major/minor
-Lesser trochanter

Action:
-Fixed pelvis = flexes hip
-Fixed thigh = flexes trunk

Question 15

Psoas major/minor

Answer 15

Origin:
-Body of T12-L5 vertebrae
-Transverse process of L1-5
-Intervertebral discs

Insertion:
-Lesser trochanter

Action:
-Fixed pelvis = flexes hip
-Fixed thigh = flexes trunk

Question 16

RECTUS FEMORIS

Answer 16

Origin:
-AIIS
-Rim of acetabulum

Insertion:
-Base of patella
-Tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament

Action:
-Flexes thigh
-Extends leg

Question 17

VASTUS MEDIALIS

Answer 17

Origin:
-Medial lip of linea aspera
-Intertrochanteric line

Insertion:
-Medial border of patella
-Tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament

Action:
-Extends leg

Question 18

VASTUS LATERALIS

Answer 18

Origin:
-Lateral lip of linea aspera
-Greater trochanter

Insertion:
-Lateral border of patella
-Tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament

Action:
-Extension of leg

Question 19

VASTUS INTERMEDIUS

Answer 19

Origin:
-Anterior/lateral surface of upper 2/3 shaft of femur

Insertion:
-Lateral border of patella, tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament

Action:
-Extends leg

Question 20

SARTORIUS

Answer 20

Origin:
-ASIS

Insertion:
-Anteromedial aspect proximal end shaft of tibia

Action:
-Flexes hip + knee
-Laterally rotates thigh
-Abducts thighs

Question 21

PECTINEUS

Answer 21

Origin:
-Pectineal line of the superior ramus of pubis

Insertion:
-Pectineal line of femur

Action:
-Flexes + adducts thigh

Question 22

ADDUCTOR LONGUS

Answer 22

Origin:
-Between pubic crest and symphysis

Insertion:
-Medial lip of linea aspera

Action:
-Adducts thigh

Question 23

ADDUCTOR BREVIS

Answer 23

Origin:
-External surface boy + inferior ramus of the pubis

Insertion:
-Pectineal line, trochanter proximal end of linea aspera

Action:
-Adducts thigh

Question 24

ADDUCTOR MAGNUS

Answer 24

Origin:
-Adductor: inferior ramus of ischium +pubis
-Hamstring: Lower part of ischial tuberosity

Insertion:
-Adductor: Gluteal tuberosity, linea aspera and supracondylar ridge
-Hamstring: adductor tubercle

Action:
-Adductor: Adducts and flexes thigh
-Hamstring: Extends thigh

Question 25

GRACILIS

Answer 25

Origin:
-Lower medial margin of body + inferior ramus of pubis
-Adjacent inferior ramus of ischium

Insertion:
-Anteromedial aspect proximal end of shaft of tibia

Action:
-Adducts thigh
-Flexes leg at knee
-Medially rotates thigh