ORGANIZED CRIME (F) Flashcards
it flourishes when a central government and civil society is disorganized, weak, absent or untrusted, particularly if the society lacks string and established institutions and the rule of law.
ORGANIZED CRIME
it is criminal activity by an enduring structure or organization developed and devoted primarily to the pursuit of profits through illegal means.
ORGANIZED CRIME
HOW DO ORGANIZED CRIMINAL GROUP WORKS?
a) AN ENFORCER
b) A CORRUPTER
c) A CORRUPTEE
- one who make arrangement for killing and injuring (Physically,
economically, and psychologically) the member or non-member.
a) AN ENFORCER
- one who bribes, buys, intimidates, threatens, negotiates and sweet talk into a relationship with the police, public officials or anyone else who might help the member security and maintain immunity from arrest, prosecution and punishments.
b) A CORRUPTER
- a public official, usually not member of the organization family, who can wield influence on behalf of the organizations interest.
c) A CORRUPTEE
CHARACTERISTICS OF ORGANIZED CRIMES
- It is conspiracy activity involving coordination of members.
- Economic gain is the primary goal
- Economic goal is achieved through illegal means
- Employs predatory tactics such as intimidation, violence and corruption
- Effective control over members, associates and victims
- Organized crimes does not include terrorist dedicated to political change.
What are the generic types of Organized Crimes?
a) POLITICAL GRAFT
b) THE MERCENARY/PREDATORY ORGANIZED CRIME
c) IN-GROUP ORIENTED ORGANIZED CRIME
d) SYNDICATED CRIMES
- Manned by political criminals (political graft), who use force and violence of a means to obtain profit or gain, and or achieving political aims or ambitions.
a) POLITICAL GRAFT
An example of this is vote buying and the employment of private armies to control a certain political area.
a) POLITICAL GRAFT
- Crimes committed by groups for direct personal profit but prey upon unwilling victims.
b) THE MERCENARY/PREDATORY ORGANIZED CRIME
- Group manned by semi organized individual whose major goals are for psychological gratification such as adolescent gangs.
c) IN-GROUP ORIENTED ORGANIZED CRIME
- The organization that participates in illicit activity in society by the use of force, threat, or intimidation.
d) SYNDICATED CRIMES
The group with a formal structure, whose purpose is to provide illicit services.
d) SYNDICATED CRIMES
Characteristics of Professional Crimes (Quinney)
a. Crime is a sole means of livelihood or economic gain
b. There is highly developed criminal career
c.There is considerable skill involved
d. Group of professional career offender
e. Hard to detect by authorities and can be able to avoid imprisonment
Refers to occupations or their incumbents, which possess various traits including useful knowledge that requires lengthy training, service orientation and code of ethics that permits occupations to attempt to obtain autonomy and independence with high prestige a renumeration.
PROFESSIONAL CRIMES
Characteristics of Professional Crimes (Sutherland)
a. Crime is sole means of livelihood.
b. Careful planning and reliance upon technical skills and methods
c. Offenders are of migratory life Style.
d. The group shared a sense of belongingness, rules, codes of behavior and mutual specialized language.
What are the attributes of OCG?
- Has no political goals
- Is hierarchical
- Has limited or exclusive membership
- Constitutes a unique subculture
- Perpetuates itself
- Exhibits a willingness to use illegal violence and bribery
- Demonstrates specialization/division of labor
- Is monopolistic
- Is governed by explicit rules and regulations
Human Security Act of 2007
- RA 9372
Organized Crime Groups in The Philippines
Francisco Group
Pentagon Group
Lexus Group
Rex “Wacky” Salud Group
Vic Yu Group
Superable Family
Martires Family
Waray- Waray Group
Lupo Rhu Group
Organized crime groups in other countries
Sicilian Mafia and The Russian Mafia in Europe
La Cosa Nostra and Latino Gangs in North America
Wo Sing Wo and 14k in Hong Kong
Yakuza in Japan
Warlords of Myanmar
Taiwan Organized Crime Group
Nam Cam Gang in Vietnam
Toxic Substances and Hazardous and Nuclear Waste Control Act of 1990
- RA 6969