FINALS (PART 2) Flashcards
We asked offenders to describe how their day went before they committed the crime and to describe their thoughts and feelings before encountering the victim.
pre-crime phase
This helps the interviewer determine what moved the offender’s murder from fantasy to action.
pre-crime phase
this phase begins with the conscious reality of the selection of a victim.
actual crime phase,
We asked offenders the reason why they chose their victims. The reason behind the killing.
actual crime phase,
after a murder has been committed, a killer must decide what to do with the body. So here we ask them where did they dispose the body if not yet known or recovered.
disposal of the body phase
at this time, the murderer’s fantasy has become a reality, and the murderer finally feels a sense of purpose.
post crime phase
When possible, to help determine what evidence may have been left behind by the suspect, ask the victims a series of questions:
* What has been moved, handled, or touched by the perpetrator(s)?
* Has the victim noticed anything unusual or out of the ordinary? (For example, cigarette butts in a nonsmoker’s home; gloves or masks not recognized may have been left at the scene.)
* Did the victim pick things up, move items back or clean up?
* Have food/beverage items or containers been left behind by the perpetrator?
ROBBERY CASE INTERVIEWS
attention will focus on the points of entry and exit.
ROBBERY CASE INTERVIEWS
The authorities have begun looking for the murderer, so the murderer’s energies are now focused on avoiding detection. Make sure to be aware that at this phase the offender will try to elude by not answering your questions truthfully. The key to making a suspect feel comfortable is to begin with not offensive, nonthreatening questions designed to elicit simple, comfortable responses. The more the investigator can find in common with the suspect the better. Again, become a kindred spirit.
post crime phase
PEACE MEANING
PLANNING AND PREPARATION
ENGAGE AND EXPLAIN
ACCOUNT
CLARIFICATION AND DISCLOSURE
CLOSURE
EVALUATION
model of interview was developed in the UK
PEACE
most widely accepted method of interviewing and used across the globe
PEACE
is the most important steps in investigative interviewing without it, interviews may fail before they even begin
planning and preparation
is the process of getting ready to interview both mentally and strategically
planning
cover what needs to be ready prior to the interview such as the location, the environment, as well as technical and administrative matters
preparation
the first step in encouraging a conversation is to
engage: introduction and building rapport
most influential factor in ensuring productive interviews
engage and entertain
it is essential that the interviewee is provided with the opportunity to present their side of the story before more detailed questions are asked
account/ first free account
having established rapport and explained the ground rules for the interview
account/ first free account
Particularly helpful at this stage is the tell, explain, describe, show me
account
a useful memory and for this approach is the
mnemonic “teds pie”
having actively listened to the first free account, it is time for the interviewer to expand and clarify all the relevant matters in the case
clarification and disclosure
the interviewer should introduce the relevant topics with teds pie
clarification and disclosure
evaluations of police shows that officers tend to rush the closing of the interview
closure of the interview/ closure
investigative interviewing recognizes the fact that interviewing is a practical exercise
evaluation
essential part of skills training is ___
evaluation and feedback
is when a representative from the agency collects information about a crime by questioning suspects victims, or witnesses.
INTERROGATION
- is one of the most difficult but most interesting phases of criminal investigation and detection.
INTERROGATION
-It is the confrontational battle of wits between the investigator and the suspect.
INTERROGATION
-It is a mental combat where the weapon is intelligence and the use of the art.
INTERROGATION
-It is the skillful questioning of a hostile person suspected of having committed an offense or of a person who is reluctant to make a full disclosure of information in his possession which is pertinent to the investigation.
INTERROGATION
-Victory depends upon proper and effective use of the art.
INTERROGATION
Philosophy of Interrogation:
The RIGHT officer
Asking the RIGHT questions
In the RIGHT manner
At the RIGHT time and in the RIGHT place
Will get the RIGHT answers
– it denotes the investigation conducted by the investigator on the suspect who is under his custody.
CUSTODIAL INTERROGATION
GOLDEN RULE OF INTERROGATION
“Make him admit something, no matter how small or trivial. Usually, the first admission will lead to another. In securing the first admission is the biggest stumbling block in dealing with tough suspects.”
PURPOSES OF INTERROGATION:
a. On the part of the suspect, it is to extract confession or admission.
b. On the part of the uncooperative or unwilling witness, it is to extract the information he possesses.
THERE ARE FOUR COMMONLY RECOGNIZED OBJECTIVES TO THE INTERROGATION PROCESS:
- To obtain valuable facts.
- To eliminate the innocent.
- To identify the guilty.
- To obtain a confession
RIGHTS OF THE ACCUSED DURING CUSTODIAL INVESTIGATION
a. Right to remain silent.
b. Right to counsel of his own choice and if he has none, the government must provide one for him.
c. Right to be informed of the nature of the charges against him and whatever he says maybe used for or against him.
PHASES OF INTERROGATION
PLANNING AND PREPARATION
APPROACH
QUESTIONING
TERMINATION
RECORDING
REPORTING
APPROACHES AND QUESTIONS DIFFER WITH THE TYPE OF SUSPECT BEING QUESTIONED.
a) EMOTIONAL APPROACH
B. SYMPATHETIC APPROACH
C) KINDNESS/FRIENDLINESS
D) EXTENUATION
E) SHIFTING THE BLAME
F) THE MUTT AND JEFF OR SWEET AND SOUR METHOD
G) TRICKS AND BLUFFS:
H) STERN APPROACH
I) REMOVING THE ETHNIC OR CULTURAL BARRIER
J) SEARCHING FOR THE SOFT SPOT
– this is a technique where the investigator, combining his skills in of an actor and a psychologist, addresses the suspect with an emotional appeal to confess.
EMOTIONAL APPROACH
-This is applicable to first time offenders or those who are of the emotional type of characteristics displayed by nervousness or emotional disturbances.
EMOTIONAL APPROACH
-Devotees of a religious group may belong to this type.
EMOTIONAL APPROACH
– the investigator, in his preliminary or probing questions must dig deep into the past troubles, plight and unfortunate events in the life of the suspect.
SYMPATHETIC APPROACH