Organizational Theory Flashcards
set of propositions that explains or predicts how group and individuals behave in varying structures and circumstances
organizational theory
organizations exist for economic reasons and to accomplish productivity goal
Classical organizational theory
collectivities of parts that cannot accomplish their goals effectively if they operated separately
Organization
this theory believes that there is a right structure for an organization
Classical organizational theory
Concept behind division of labor, that is, organizations should be divided into units that perform similar functions into area of specialization
Functional Principle
deals with organization’s vertical growth and refers to the chain of command that grows with levels added to the organization
Scalar principle
each subordinate should be accountable to only one superior
unity of command
have primary responsibilities for meeting the major goals of the organization
line functions
support the line’s activities but are regarded as subsidiary in overall importance to line functions
Staff function
refers to the number of subordinates a manager is responsible for supervising
span-of-control principle
there is one best way to get the job done
Taylorism
Who implemented the principles of scientific management?
Frank and Lilian Gilbreth, and Frederick taylor
Who is the Proponent of Scientific Management?
Frederick Taylor
According to scientific management theory, what will lead to greater managerial efficiency?
Worker efficiency
an ideal form of organization
bureaucracy
who is the proponent of bureaucracy?
Max Weber
it describes the structure, organization, and operation of many efficient organization.
bureaucracy
each job is a specialized position with its own set of responsibilities and duties
division of labor
approach whereby supervisors assign tasks to separate employees and hold them responsible for completing these tasks
Delegation of authority
information about which lower-level employees report to higher-level employees
micromanagers
formal way an org is designed in terms of division of labor, delegation of authority, and span of control
Structure
aims to improve organizational productivity by focusing on methods that managers can use to synchronize internal processes
Administrative management theory
who is the proponent of the administrative management theory?
Henri Fayol
employees can become more proficient in the accomplishment of a limited set of activities, thus improving their output
division of specialization
working in the person’s chosen field
employed
employed in a field that is not under a person’s specialization
underemployed
no work
unemployed
subordinates must fully obey instructions from supervisors
Discipline
only one executive wherein the employees get instructions
Unity of Command
each workgroup or department is working under a singular plan that coordinates effort
unity of direction
compensation is used to incentivize worker performance
Remuneration of personnel
decision-making should be either centralized or decentralized
centralization
a hierarchy that places workers below managers in the reporting structure
scalar chain
designed rules and standards for the work environment
Order
org must run based on principles of fairness
Equity
low turnover; allow employees to learn their jobs, develop skills, and acquire loyalty
Stability of a tenure personnel
the structure of an organization is an adaptive mechanism that permits the organization to function in its surroundings
Structural theory
proposed how organizations evolve to reach a certain structure, which permits the organization to function in its surroundings
Harry Mintzberg
associated with executive leadership
Strategic Apex
recognized the importance of individual or group behavior and emphasized human relations
neoclassical theory
proponents of Neoclassical theory
Elton Mayo, Chester Barnard, and Herbert Simons
Contradicted Henri Fayol’s Administrative Management
Herbert Simon
proposes ideas how managers should behave to motivate the employees
Behavioral movement
social and psychological factors are important in determining worker productivity and satisfaction
Human Relations movement
organizational success in terms of employee motivation and interpersonal relationships within the organization
Humanistic theory
