Organization Of The Body Flashcards
What deals with the bodies function?
Physiology
What is the study of body structure?
Anatomy
What is a hypothesis?
An idea
What is law?
Something without trying to explain it
How is the term gross anatomy used?
To describe the study of body parts visible to the eye.
What does microscopic anatomy include?
The study of cells (cytology) and tissues (histology).
What is the science that deals with functions of living organisms and it’s parts?
Physiology
Who is Andreas Vesalius?
The founder of modern anatomy.
What are terms based on a persons name?
Eponyms
Used to described various processes; chemical reactions occurring in the body?
Metabolism
What are changes to a stimuli?
Responsiveness
Transmitting electrical waves throughout the body; within the body.
Conductivity
Increase in size of an individual, number of cells; organ or part
Growth
Exchange of gases (O2, CO2) between an organism and it’s environment.
Respiration
What is the process by which food is broken down into and absorbed by the body?
Digestion
Movement of molecules; digested and respiratory gases, through membrane and into body fluids for transportation to cells for use
Absorption
Produces and releases digestive juices and hormones for diverse body functions
Secretions
Removal of waste from the body
Excretion
Movement of body fluids containing important substances from one part of the body to the other in a circular motion; through hollow vessels.
Circulation
Formation of a new individual: offspring
Reproduction
The body cannot survive if any of these characteristics fail?
Responsiveness, conductivity, growth, respiration, digestion, absorption, secretion, excretion, and circulation.
The body can live without which characteristic of life?
Reproduction
Makes uses of chemical signals
Intrinsic control
Auto regulation or local control
Intrinsic control
Operates at the tissue and organ level
Intrinsic control
What is the smallest and numerous unit of a living matter
Cells
How many cells in a human weighing about 150 lbs
100 trillion
Unbiased experiments is a?
Theory
What is proposed ideas, then collected and analyzed data, accepted theory if results are consistent
The scientific method
Outside the organ or outside the body
Extrinsic control
The anatomical position
A reference; position that gives meaning to directional terms used to describe the body parts and regions.
The body is erect, facing forward
Anatomical position
What is the most important feature of bilateral symmetry?
Balanced proportions
Ventral cavities aka
Front cavity
Back cavity (tail)
Dorsal body cavities
What does the visceral layer refer to?
Covers the organ within the cavity
Serous membranes
Visceral & Parietal membranes
Lines the cavity inside the cavity wall
Parietal membrane
The anterior torso below the diaphragm is called?
Abdominal
Feed forward
Prepares your body to get it ready.
Positive feedback
Affect (labor)
Amplified effect
Example: (oxytocin) to promote contractions
Negative feedback
Affect (hot)
Opposite effect (cool down)
More common
What are the basic components of control mechanisms
Sensor mechanism
Integrating or control center
Effector mechanism
Feedback
Self regulating
Relatively constant states maintained by the body
Homeostasis
A mesomorph body is?
Muscular physique
An endomorphs body is?
Rounded
Heavy
Which plane divides the body or it’s parts crosswise into upper and lower parts.
Transverse or horizontal plane
Which plane divides the body it any of it’s parts into anterior and posterior portions
Coronal or frontal plane
Which plane divides into equal parts; running from front to back?
Mid Sagittal plane
What is the narrow tip of an organ?
Apical
What is the base or widest part of an organ called?
Basal
Outer region
Cortical
Cortex
Medullary
Medulla
Inner region
Around the boundary
Peripheral
Central is
Near the center
Hollow areas of organs like stomach, small intestine, blood vessels, urinary organs and so on?
Lumen
Further away from the surface of the body is
Deep
Nearer the surface of the body
Superficial
What is the direction of Distal
Away or furthest from from the trunk or point of its origin of a body part.
Towards or nearest the trunk of the point of origin of one of its parts
Proximal
Direction toward the side of the body or away from its midline
Lateral
Toward the midline of the body
Midial
Posterior aka
Dorsal
In back of
Back
Anterior aka
Ventral
Front
In front of
Inferior
Below
Toward the feet
Lower
Superior
Above
Upper
Toward the head
Zygomatic
Cheek
Thoracic
Chest
Temporal
Side of skull
Tarsal
Ankle
Sural
Calf
Supraclavicular
Area above the clavicle
Pubic
Pubis
Popliteal
Area behind the knee
Pollex
Thumb
Sole of the foot
Plantar
Perineal
Area between the genitals and anus
Lower portion of torso
Pelvic
Pedal
Foot
Patellar
Front of knee
Palmar
Palm of hand
Otic
Ear
Orbital or ophthalmic
Eyes
Oral
Mouth
Olecranal
Back of elbow
Occipital
Back or lower part of the skull
Navel
Umbilicus
Area around navel
Nasal
Nose
Chin
Mental
Manual
Hand
Mammary
Breast
Lumbar
Lower part of back between ribs and pelvis
Inguinal
Groin
Hallux
Great toe
Gluteal
Buttock
Frontal
Forehead
Femoral
Thigh
Facial
Face
Shoulder
Acromial
Forearm
Ante brachial
depressed area just in front of elbow (cubital fossa)
Antecubital
Axillary
Armpit (axilla)
Brachial
Arm
Cheek (inside)
Buccal
Calcaneal
Heel of foot
Carpal
Wrist
Cephalic
Head
Cervical
Neck
Hip
Coxal
Cranial
Skull
Crural
Leg
Elbow
Cubital
Cutaneous
Skin
Digital
Finger or toes
Dorsal
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