Organisms(Population Interaction)

Question 1

Where was the Prickly pear cactus introduced and how was it controlled?

Answer 1

Australia. Cactus feeding moth( Colchinal moth)

Question 2

Where was the starfish Pisaster removed from and what did it result into?

Answer 2

It was removed from the rocky intertidal communities of American Pacific coast. It resulted in the extinction of more than 10 species of invertebrates due to increased inter specific competition

Question 3

Phytophagous insects account for what portion of total insects?

Answer 3

25

Question 4

Most common morphological means of defence for plants against herbivores?

Answer 4

Thorns. Acacia and cactus

Question 5

What does calotropis produce that results in gaits and cattle to avoid browsing on it?

Answer 5

Highly poisonous cardiac glycosides

Question 6

What chemicals secreted by plants are used as defence against herbivores?

Answer 6

Opium,strychnine, nicotine, quinine, caffeine

Question 7

What is a potent force for evolution according to Darwin?

Answer 7

Inter specific competition

Question 8

What are the variations to the general belief of competition?

Answer 8

1. Totally unrelated species could also compete for the same resource.
2. Resources always need not be limiting for competition to occur.

Question 9

Eg of unrelated species competing for the same resource?

Answer 9

Visiting Flamingoes and resident fishes in the shallow South American lakes compete for zooplankton.

Question 10

What is the general belief regarding competition?

Answer 10

Competition occurs when closely related species compete for the same resources that are limiting.

Question 11

Proof that resources not be limiting for competition to occur

Answer 11

In interference competition, the feeding efficiency of one species might be reduced to the presence of another species even if the resources ( food and space) are abundant.

Question 12

Where was Cornell’s elegant field experiment carried ?

Answer 12

Rocky sea coasts of Scotland (Bigger barnacle Balanus and smaller Chathalamus)

Question 13

Special adaptations of parasites?

Answer 13

1. Loss of unnecessary sense organs
2. Presence of organs of attachment (adhesive organs/ suckers)
3. Loss of digestive system
4. High reproductive capacity

Question 14

Hosts of liver fluke?

Answer 14

Snail and fish

Question 15

Eg of parasites on marine fishes.

Answer 15

Ectoparasite Copepods

Question 16

Liver fluke is which type of parasite?

Answer 16

Trematode parasite

Question 17

An orchid plant growing on mango as an epiphyte is an eg of which type of population interaction?

Answer 17

Commensalism

Question 18

Eg of commensalism?

Answer 18

1. An orchid plant growing as an epiphyte on a mango branch
2. Barnacles on the back of whales.
3. Cattle egret and grazing cattle
4. Sea anemone and the clown fish