Organisms & Life Processes Flashcards
What eight life processes take place in most living things?
Organisms: Control their internal conditions Excrete - get rid of waste products Grow and develop Move Require nutrition - make food from sun or eat things Respire - release energy from food Respond to stimuli Reproduce
What type of cell has no nucleus?
A red blood cell
What type of cells have no nucleus?
Dead or short lived ones like red blood cells or xylem
What is the living material making up a cell?
The cytoplasm
What is the function of the nucleus in a cell?
To control the activities of the cell. This is done via the chromosomes which carry genes, these determine which proteins the cell can make.
Where in a cell are proteins assembled?
In the cytoplasm on structures called ribosomes
What are all cells surrounded by?
The cell membrane (or cell surface membrane)
Describe the cell surface membrane
This is a thin layer on the surface of the cell, enclosing the cell contents. It is partially permeable AND selectively permeable.
What is a mitochondria?
An organelle in the cytoplasm which carries out some of the reactions of respiration, released energy the cell can use.
What is found in a plant cell but not in an animal cell?
Chloroplasts, cell wall, a permanent vacuole
Describe the cell wall in a plant cell
This is a protective layer of non living material outside the cell membrane of a plant cell. It is made mainly of cellulose which helps the cell keep its shape. The cell wall is permeable.
What is contained in a plant vacuole?
Cell sap - sugars, mineral ions and solutes
What is the function of a chloroplast?
To absorb light energy to make food though photosynthesis
