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Year 8 Science > Organisms > Flashcards

Organisms Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is the word equation for aerobic respiration?

A

Glucose+energy-> energy + carbon dioxide +water

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2
Q

Where does aerobic respiration take place

A

In the mitochondria

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3
Q

What is anaerobic respiration

A

Respiration without oxygen

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4
Q

What is the equation for fermentation

A

Glucose-> ethanol+carbon dioxide+energy released

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5
Q

Why does anaerobic respiration happen

A

During vigourous activities when muscles are working hard the blood system cannot bring glucose and oxygen quickly enough

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6
Q

What is the equation for anaerobic respiration

A

Glucose -> lactic acid + Energy released

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7
Q

Why are leaves green

A

Most leaves are green as they contain chlorophyll which absorbs sunlight

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8
Q

What is the function of a stomata

A

There are tiny holes pores down on the bottom surface of the leaf the function is to allow gases to diffuse into and out of the leaf carbon dioxide defuses in oxygen and water vapour defuse out

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9
Q

Why do you leave to have a large surface areas

A

To absorb as much sunlight as possible

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10
Q

What is the function of a Waxie layer

A

It reduces the amount of water evaporating out of the part of the leaf

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11
Q

What is the function of the chloroplast

A

It is where photosynthesis takes place it contains chlorophyll that absorbs sunlight

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12
Q

What is the function of the Gaurd cell

A

They are found around the stomata and they open the stomata during the day and close in the night

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13
Q

If a plant doesn’t have enough nitrogen what will happen

A

The plan will have a stunted growth

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14
Q

What happens when there is not enough phosphorous

A

The leaves will turn purple and they will have poor root growth

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15
Q

Why is potassium needed

A

Lack of potassium leads to dead patches and yellowness

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16
Q

What is magnesium needed

A

Lack of chlorophyll won’t let them to photosynthesise and magnesium is essential for the creation of chlorophyll

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17
Q

What affects photosynthesis

A

Light intensity CO2 levels temperature -enzymes denaturing

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18
Q

What is carbon dioxide

A

A wasted product that is exchanged with oxygen

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19
Q

What is breathing

A

The movement of oxygen and carbon dioxide into and out of the lungs

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20
Q

What is respiration

A

It’s the use of oxygen to release energy

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21
Q

How much oxygen do we inhale

A

21%

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22
Q

How much oxygen do we exhale

A

16%

23
Q

How much carbon dioxide do we inhale

A

0.03%

24
Q

How much carbon dioxide do we exhale

A

4%

25
Q

How Nitrogen do you we inhale and exhale

A

79%

26
Q

What is a drug

A

Any chemical taking into the body that changes the way the body or mind works

27
Q

What are Medicinal drugs

A

Drugs that help people that are suffering from pain or disease

28
Q

What are recreational drugs

A

Drugs that are taken for pleasure

29
Q

What are the four main categories of drugs

A

Painkillers hallucinogens stimulants depressants

30
Q

What are the 5 main nutrients

A

WCarbohydrates protein fats vitamins and minerals

31
Q

What is fibre

A

Cleansing your intestine is prevents constipation

32
Q

Why do we need carbohydrates

A

For energy

33
Q

Why do we need proteins

A

For growth and repair

34
Q

Why do we need fats

A

To store energy

35
Q

Why do we need vitamins and minerals

A

To keep the body healthy

36
Q

Why do we need water

A

For cells and body fluids

37
Q

What are enzymes

A

Chemicals that breaks down large insoluble food molecules into smaller soluble molecules

38
Q

What type of enzyme breaks down carbohydrates into smaller sugars

A

Carbohydrase

39
Q

What enzyme breaks down protein to amino acids

A

Protease

40
Q

What enzyme breaks down fat into fatty acids and glycerol

A

Lipase

41
Q

Where are enzymes made

A

Pancreas

42
Q

What is a reagent

A

Chemicals used to detect the nutrients in the food

43
Q

What does iodine test for and what colour is it before and after

A

For starch
Yes- blue black
No- orange brown

44
Q

What does biuret identify and what colour if yes or if none

A

Protein
Yes-lilac
No-blue

45
Q

What does Benedicts test for and what colours

A

Glucose
No-blue
Yes-orange/red

46
Q

What does ethanol test for and what colours

A

Lipids
Yes- milky colour
No-clear

47
Q

Where is carbohydrase made

A

Pancreas and salivary glands

48
Q

Where is protease made

A

Stomach and pancreas

49
Q

Where is lipase made

A

Salivary gland and pancreas

50
Q

What conditions are needed for carbohydrase to work

A

Body temperature

51
Q

What conditions are needed for protease to work

A

Acidic conditions ph 1-7

52
Q

What conditions are needed for lipase to work

A

Body temperature

53
Q

What is bile

A

From the gall bladder. Let’s the fats and water to mix by braking the fat into smaller droplets

Year 8 Science (5 decks)

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