Organisms Flashcards
What is the word equation for aerobic respiration?
Glucose+energy-> energy + carbon dioxide +water
Where does aerobic respiration take place
In the mitochondria
What is anaerobic respiration
Respiration without oxygen
What is the equation for fermentation
Glucose-> ethanol+carbon dioxide+energy released
Why does anaerobic respiration happen
During vigourous activities when muscles are working hard the blood system cannot bring glucose and oxygen quickly enough
What is the equation for anaerobic respiration
Glucose -> lactic acid + Energy released
Why are leaves green
Most leaves are green as they contain chlorophyll which absorbs sunlight
What is the function of a stomata
There are tiny holes pores down on the bottom surface of the leaf the function is to allow gases to diffuse into and out of the leaf carbon dioxide defuses in oxygen and water vapour defuse out
Why do you leave to have a large surface areas
To absorb as much sunlight as possible
What is the function of a Waxie layer
It reduces the amount of water evaporating out of the part of the leaf
What is the function of the chloroplast
It is where photosynthesis takes place it contains chlorophyll that absorbs sunlight
What is the function of the Gaurd cell
They are found around the stomata and they open the stomata during the day and close in the night
If a plant doesn’t have enough nitrogen what will happen
The plan will have a stunted growth
What happens when there is not enough phosphorous
The leaves will turn purple and they will have poor root growth
Why is potassium needed
Lack of potassium leads to dead patches and yellowness
What is magnesium needed
Lack of chlorophyll won’t let them to photosynthesise and magnesium is essential for the creation of chlorophyll
What affects photosynthesis
Light intensity CO2 levels temperature -enzymes denaturing
What is carbon dioxide
A wasted product that is exchanged with oxygen
What is breathing
The movement of oxygen and carbon dioxide into and out of the lungs
What is respiration
It’s the use of oxygen to release energy
How much oxygen do we inhale
21%
How much oxygen do we exhale
16%
How much carbon dioxide do we inhale
0.03%
How much carbon dioxide do we exhale
4%
How Nitrogen do you we inhale and exhale
79%
What is a drug
Any chemical taking into the body that changes the way the body or mind works
What are Medicinal drugs
Drugs that help people that are suffering from pain or disease
What are recreational drugs
Drugs that are taken for pleasure
What are the four main categories of drugs
Painkillers hallucinogens stimulants depressants
What are the 5 main nutrients
WCarbohydrates protein fats vitamins and minerals
What is fibre
Cleansing your intestine is prevents constipation
Why do we need carbohydrates
For energy
Why do we need proteins
For growth and repair
Why do we need fats
To store energy
Why do we need vitamins and minerals
To keep the body healthy
Why do we need water
For cells and body fluids
What are enzymes
Chemicals that breaks down large insoluble food molecules into smaller soluble molecules
What type of enzyme breaks down carbohydrates into smaller sugars
Carbohydrase
What enzyme breaks down protein to amino acids
Protease
What enzyme breaks down fat into fatty acids and glycerol
Lipase
Where are enzymes made
Pancreas
What is a reagent
Chemicals used to detect the nutrients in the food
What does iodine test for and what colour is it before and after
For starch
Yes- blue black
No- orange brown
What does biuret identify and what colour if yes or if none
Protein
Yes-lilac
No-blue
What does Benedicts test for and what colours
Glucose
No-blue
Yes-orange/red
What does ethanol test for and what colours
Lipids
Yes- milky colour
No-clear
Where is carbohydrase made
Pancreas and salivary glands
Where is protease made
Stomach and pancreas
Where is lipase made
Salivary gland and pancreas
What conditions are needed for carbohydrase to work
Body temperature
What conditions are needed for protease to work
Acidic conditions ph 1-7
What conditions are needed for lipase to work
Body temperature
What is bile
From the gall bladder. Let’s the fats and water to mix by braking the fat into smaller droplets
