Organisms Flashcards
Building an organisms
Cells —->Tissues——–> Organs ———> Systems
Small--------------------------------->Big
Tissues
Are groups of the same type of cell which perform a specific function
4 types of tissues on the body
Epithelium- skin
Connective tissue - fat, bone, cartilage, tendons and legimants tissue that connects things
Muscle tissue - groups of muscle cells
Nerve tissue - groups of nerve cells
Organs
Made up of different types of tissues which work together and they have a special job
Systems
A group of organs which work together to fulfill a major role in the body
Digestive system
Breaks down food into soluble chemical that can be used by your cells
Mechanical digestion
Breaking food into smaller bit of food
Respiratory
The respiratory system takes in air and extracts oxygen from it, this goes to the cells and the cells mitochondria uses it to make energy.
Chemical digestion
Breaking down complex chemicals into simpler ones
Circulatory
Why do we need it?
The circulatory system is vital as it is the sole way that nutrients, oxygen and waste products are transported to and from cells
Arteries
Carry oxygenated blood away from the heart, to the body
Need to be tough to take the high pressure. Cutting an artery is bad news!
Veins
Carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart after it has been taken to cells.
Veins contain valves to stop blood flowing backwards. They need these as they do not have the pressure applied by the heart
Capillaries
The smallest blood vessels. There walls are only one cell thick so that nutrients and waste can get through to and from cells.
Platelets
Help blood to clot
Plasma
Clear, yellowish liquid that carries all the other parts of blood
What’s in a drop of blood
400000 white blood cells and 3 million red blood cells
Heart
The pump that gets blood to all the places it is needed.
Our circulatory system is called a double system as it has two totally different circuits - one for oxygenated blood and one for deoxygenated blood
The cycle of the circulatory system
Lungs heart body heart
Parts of the heart left
Left Atrium: Take oxygenated blood from the lungs and pumps it down into the left ventricle
Left Ventricle: Contracts after the atrium to pump blood out into the body
This happens in two stages so that blood does not flow backwards
Parts of the heart right
Right Atrium: Takes deoxygenated blood from the body and pumps it down into the right ventricle
Right Ventricle: Contracts after the atrium to pump blood out into the lungs
This happens in two stages so that blood does not flow backwards
Excretory System
Getting rid of the wastes your body produced, it’s carried back to the lungs and breathed out
- the liver breaks down poisons and turns them into harmless substances
- kidneys process 50L of blood every hour
Respiration
Glucose + Oxygen —> Carbon Dioxide + Water + Energy
What are wastes are body gets rid of
Faeces
• Urine
• Sweat •Carbon dioxide
Kidney
Filter blood
Excrete Urea
Control water and salt levels
