Organisations of the human body Flashcards
Define atom
the smallest part of a substance that cannot be broken down chemically
Define molecule
the chemical combination of two or more atoms
Define cell
the basic structural, functional and biological unit of all known living organisms
Define tissue
a community of similar cells
Define organ
Made up of two or more types of tissues
Define system
Two or more organs working together to perform a bodily function
What are the bodies 4 survival needs
nutrients, oxygen, temperature, pressure
What are the life functions
organisation, responsiveness, metabolism, growth/development/reproduction
Name two functions of the integumentary system
protects deeper tissue from injury, synsethises vitamin D
Name two functions of the skeletal system
protects and supports body organs, stores minerals
Name two functions of the muscular system
maintains posture, produces heat
Name two functions of the nervous system
control system of the body, responds to internal and external stimulus
Name the function of the endocrine system
secretes hormones that regulate cell growth, reproduction, nutrient use etc.
Name two functions of the respiratory system
keeps the blood constantly supplied with oxygen, expels carbon dioxide
Name two functions of the cardiovascular system
the heart pumps blood, the blood vessels transport blood
Name two functions of the digestive system
breaks down absorbable units that enter the blood stream, eliminates indigestible waste as faeces
Name two functions of the urinary system
Eliminates nitrogenous waste. Regulates water, electrolyte and acid-base levels
Name two functions of the lymphatic system
picks up fluid leaked from blood vessels and returns it to blood stream, stores lymphocytes
Name two functions of the reproductive system
produces sex hormones, sperm and eggs, facilitates conception and reproduction
Define homeostasis
The tendency to resist change in order to maintain a stable, relatively constant internal environment
What is a negative feedback loop and give an example
a response that reverses the original stimulus, eg. body temperature
What is a positive feedback loop and give an example
a response that intensifies the original stimulus, eg. enhancement of contraction by oxytocin
