organisation of the vascular system Flashcards
3 layers of a blood vessel wall
tunica intima, tunica media, tunica adventitia
tunica intima
single sheet of EC on thin CT layer, main barrier to plasma proteins, secretes vasoactive products
tunica media
SM of various thickness (elastin and collagen matrix), strength, elasticity and contracting power
tunica adventitia
CT sheath with no distinct borders, cheaters vessels in place, vasa vasorum network,
elastic arteries diameter
1-2 cm
conduit (muscular) arteries diameter
0.1-1 cm
arterioles diameter
< 0.1 cm
capillaries diameter
0.004-0.007 cm
Arteriovenous anastomosis diameter
0.02 – 0.135 cm
venules diamters
0.05-0.2 cm
veins diameter
> 0.2 cm
elastic artery walls expand during __
systole
elastic artery walls recoil during __
diastole
blood pressure created by elastic recoil is __
diastolic blood pressure
conduit arteries are __ than elastic arteries
thicker
how are conduit arteries controlled
autonomic nervous system
conduit arteries examples
radial, cerebral, and coronary
distal arterioles are __ controlled by sympathetic nerve fibres
poorly
proximal arterioles are __ controlled by sympathetic nerve fibres
richly
capillaries carry blood at its __ pressure
lowest
Arteriovenous anastomosis are found in which tissues?
skin and nasal mucosa
functions of Arteriovenous anastomosis
bypass the capillary beds, temp regulation
in limbs, tuma intima have __
valves
tuna intima in veins and venues are __
thin
flow in veins and venues is low __
resistance
veins are controlled by __
sympathetic nerve fibres
ascending aorta
left and right coronary arteries branch from here to supply the heart tissue
aortic arch is at which vertebrae
T4/5
5 branches of the aortic arch that supply
brachiocephalic trunk, right subclavian artery, left subclavian artery, right common carotid artery, left common carotid artery
at what level do common carotid arteries branch into external carotid arteries
C3
internal carotid arteries function
major blood supply to the brain
external carotid arteries function
major blood supply to the neck, face and scalp
subclavian arteries function
major blood supply to the arm, thoracic wall, shoulder and neck on respective side
branches of the descending aorta supply __
oesophagus, lungs, thoracic wall muscles, pericardium, and the superior surface of the diaphragm
when does the descending aorta become the abdominal aorta
t12
abdominal aorta branches
coeliac trunk, superior mesenteric artery, renal arteries, and the inferior mesenteric artery
abdominal aorta splits into which 2 branches
iliac arteries
coeliac trunk supplies __
stomach, liver, gallbladder, pancreas and spleen
coeliac trunk branches at which level
T12
Superior mesenteric artery supplies __
small intestine and the proximal portion of the large intestine.
Superior mesenteric artery branches as what level
L1
Renal arteries branch at which level
L1/2
Inferior mesenteric artery supplies __
distal portion of the large intestine
Inferior mesenteric artery branches at which level
L3
internal iliac artery supplies __
pelvic cavity and perineum
external iliac artery continues as the __ artery
femoral
external iliac artery supplies __
supplies the lower limb on the respective side
capillaries drain into __
venules
venules drain into __
veins
veins dont have branches, they have __
tributaries
superior vena cava tributaries
internal jugular vein, subclavian vein
brachiocephalic vein is composed of __
internal jugular vein and subclavian vein, on either side of the body
azygos system drains __ into the __
posterior thoracic wall, SVC
Inferior Vena Cava Tributaries
common iliac veins, renal, lumbar and hepatic veins.
