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IGCSE-coordinated science BIOLOGY > Organisation of the organism > Flashcards

Organisation of the organism Flashcards

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1
Q

What are cells?

A

The small building blocks that make up all living organisms

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2
Q

What is the function of a NUCLEUS

A

Controls all activities in the cell

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3
Q

What is the function of a CYTOPLASM

A

where chemical reactions happen

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4
Q

What is a function of a CELL MEMBRANE

A

Forms a barrier
Keeps contents of cell inside
Allows simple substances to enter and leave
Partially PERMEABLE

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5
Q

What is a function of a MITOCHONDRIA

A

Release energy during aerobic respiration

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6
Q

What is a function of a RIBOSOME

A

Protein Synthesis

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7
Q

What is a function of a CHLOROPLAST (only in plant cells)

A

Photosynthesis
Stores starch

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8
Q

What is a function of a CELL WALL (only in plant cells)

A

Stops cells from bursting
Gives shapes to cells
Allows water and dissolved substances to pass

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9
Q

What is a function of a SAP VACUOLE (only in plant cells)

A

Stores ions & sugars
Full of water to maintain shape

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10
Q

How do you calculate Magnification?

A

Image size/Actual size

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11
Q

What are the 8 specialized cells?

A

Ciliated cells
Root hair cells
Xylem vessels
Neurons
Red blood cells
Palisade mesophyll cells
Sperm cells
Egg cells

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12
Q

What is the shape and function of the RED BLOOD CELL?

A

Flat Discs
Transport Oxygen

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13
Q

What is the shape and function of the CILIATED CELL?

A

Have a cilia that moves
Keep the air passage free from dust

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14
Q

What is the shape and function of the ROOT HAIR CELLS?

A

Long & Thin
Absorb water from the soil

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15
Q

What is the shape and function of the NERVE CELLS?

A

Hollow tube
Transmit electrical impulses

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16
Q

What is the shape and function of the XYLEM VESSELS?

A

Like Wires
Transport water and ions

17
Q

Define TISSUE

A

A group of similar cells

18
Q

Define ORGAN

A

Groups of tissues working together

19
Q

Define SYSTEM

A

A group of organs working together

20
Q

Which structure is only found in plant cells?
A. Cell membrane
B. Chloroplast
C. Cytoplasm
D. Nucleus

A

B

20
Q

Which structure is only found in plant cells?
A. Cell membrane
B. Chloroplast
C. Cytoplasm
D. Nucleus

A

B

20
Q

Which structure is only found in plant cells?
A. Cell membrane
B. Chloroplast
C. Cytoplasm
D. Nucleus

A

B

21
Q

What is the function of root hair cells?
A. Absorption of water
B. Growth of roots
C. Protection
D. Transport of sugars

A

A

22
Q

The substances that move in and out of mitochondria are:
A. CO2 in, O2 out, nutrients in
B. CO2 out, O2 in, nutrients in
C. CO2 in, O2 in, nutrients out
D. CO2 out, O2 out, nutrients out

A

B

IGCSE-coordinated science BIOLOGY (7 decks)

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