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Cardiovascular system > Organisation of CVS > Flashcards

Organisation of CVS Flashcards

1
Q

What are the components of the CVS?

A

Blood, vessels and the heart

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2
Q

What are the functions of the CVS? (5)

A 
Transport oxygen and CO2 to tissues and lungs
Nutrients and waste products transport
Disease protection and healing
Hormone delivery
Temperature regulation (homeostasis)
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3
Q

What percentage of blood volume is plasma?

A

55%

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4
Q

What percentage of blood volume make up the cellular components and what do these include?

A

45%

RBC, WBC, platelets

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5
Q

What is the average blood volume?

A

4-5L

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6
Q

What causes a low PCV?

A

Anaemia, excessive WBC production, blood loss

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7
Q

What causes a high PCV?

A

Dehydration, polycythaemia, lung/heart disease

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8
Q

What are the 5 types of WBCs?

A 
Lymphocytes
Monocytes
Neutrophil
Eosinophil
Basophil
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9
Q

Why do arteries have thick muscular walls?

A

To resist and withstand the high pressure

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10
Q

What is the function of arterioles and venules?

A

To slow down blood flow so that gas exchange and transfer of nutrients can take place

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11
Q

What are the 3 types fo arteries?

A

Muscular, elastic and arterioles

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12
Q

Which arteries contribute to changes in blood pressure?

A

Muscular and arterioles

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13
Q

Where is the tricuspid valve of the heart found?

A

Between the right atria and ventricle

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14
Q

Where is the bicuspid valve found?

A

Between the left atria and ventricle

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15
Q

What are the semilunar valves and where are they found?

A

Aortic valve is found between left ventricle and aortic opening
Pulmonary valve is found right ventricle and pulmonary arteries

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16
Q

What are the functions of the heart? (5)

A

Pumping blood around the body and generating BP
Sending deoxygenated blood to the lungs to be oxygenated
Sending oxygenated blood to the whole body
Separates pulmonary and systemic circulation
Provides unidirectional flow and prevents back flow with valves

17
Q

Why is the muscular wall of the right ventricle thinner than the wall of the left ventricle?

A

Left ventricle must generate a higher pressure to pump blood around the whole body, not just to the lungs

18
Q

What influences the flow rate of blood?

A

The radius of the blood vessel

19
Q

What blood vessels contribute to BP by changing their diameter?

A

Muscular arteries

20
Q

What are the atrioventricular valves?

A

Tricuspid and bicuspid (mitral)

21
Q

What are the semilunar valves?

A

Aortic and pulmonary

22
Q

What parameter varies physiologically to change flow rate?

A

radius of the BV

Cardiovascular system (10 decks)

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