Organisation of an ecosystem

Question 1

Define population

Answer 1

A species that occupy the same habitat

Question 2

Define habitat

Answer 2

The place in which an organism lives

Question 3

Define community

Answer 3

Populations of different species interacting

Question 4

Define ecosystem

Answer 4

The interactions between the abiotic and biotic factors in an area

Question 5

What do food chains show

Answer 5

Show the feeding relationships of different organisms and the flow of energy between the organisms

Question 6

Define biomass

Answer 6

the total mass of living material

Question 7

What are trophic levels

Answer 7

The stages in a food chain

Question 8

What do arrows in a food chain represent

Answer 8

The direction of biomass transfer

Question 9

Describe a simple food chain

Answer 9

producer-primary consumer-secondary consumer-tertiary consumer

Question 10

What is a producer

Answer 10

an organism that makes its own food

Question 11

What types of organisms are primary producers

Answer 11

Photosynthetic organisms

Question 12

What is a primary consumer

Answer 12

An organism that feeds on producers

Question 13

What is a secondary consumer

Answer 13

An organism that feeds on primary consumers

Question 14

What is tertiary consumer

Answer 14

An organism that feeds on secondary consumers

Question 15

What is a predator

Answer 15

A consumer that kills and eats other animals

Question 16

What is prey

Answer 16

An animal that is killed and eaten by another animal

Question 17

Describe the patterns of predator and prey in a stable community

Answer 17

the number of predators and prey rise and fall in cycles

Question 18

why are producers the first trophic level

Answer 18

.Producers provide all biomass for the food chain

Question 19

What piece of apparutus is used to measure the abundance and distrubutions of organisms in an area

Answer 19

Quadrat

Question 20

What piece of apparutus is used to study the distribution of organisms across a gradient

Answer 20

Belt transect

Question 21

When considering the abundance of organisms what is meant by the mean

Answer 21

The average number of organisms

Question 22

How is arithmetic mean calculated

Answer 22

sum of each number of each organism

divided by

the total number of each type of organism

Question 23

Describe how materials cycle through living and non-living components of an ecosystem

Answer 23

.Organisms take in elements from their surroundings
.Elements transfered along food chains

Question 24

Give 3 molecules which are cycled through ecosystems

Answer 24

.Oxygen
.Carbon dioxide
.Water

Question 25

Describe the carbon cycle

Answer 25

1. plants fix carbon dioxide into organic molecules during photosynthesis 2. The organic carbon-containing molecules are passed onto organisms then eat the plants 3.Carbon dioxide is released back into the atmosphere by respiration from animals and plants \ 4. Burning fossil fuels also releases carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.

Question 26

Why is the carbon cycle important

Answer 26

carbon containing molecules such as glucose are important for living organisms to grow.

Question 27

Describe the water cycle

Answer 27

1. water from lakes and oceans evaporates 2. The evaporated water condenses into clouds and returns to earth as precipitation 3. The water from precipitation is useful for life on land 4. The water then returns to rivers and oceans through surface runoff

Question 28

Why is the water cycle important

Answer 28

Living organisms require water and , the water cycle provides this.

Question 29

Why are microorganisms important for the cycling of materials through an ecosystem

Answer 29

microorganisms return carbon to the environment by releasing carbon dioxide through respiration.