organisation - B2 Flashcards
what is a balanced diet and what is needed for it?
one that has the right proportions of everything we need.
it contains: carbohydrates , lipids, proteins, vitamins, minerals, fibres and water
where are carbohydrates found and what do we need them for
found in starchy foods (bread, pasta) and vegetables
-we need them for energy for chemical reactions and to move around
where are lipids found and what do we need them for
found in oily fish, nuts , dairy and avocado
-used for a long term energy store
-to inusulate us
-to protect our oragns
where are proteins found and what doe we need them for
found in meats, legumes, fish and nuts
-used for growth, cell repain and energy if needed
where is vitamin A found and what do we need it for
found in leafy veg and liver
-for good eyesight and healthy hair and skin
where is vitamin C found and what is it used for
found in fruits and veg
-used to prevent us from getting scurvy
where is vitamin d found and what is it used for
-our body can make it from sunlight but also found in eggs and oily fish
-used to help us absorb calcium
where is calcium found and why do we need it
found it dairy and leafy greens
-need it for strong bones
low amount of vitamin d / calcium leads to rickets
where is iron found and why do we need it?
found in red meat, spinach and legumes
-we need it for haemoglobin so we can absorb oxygen
-low iron leads anaemia = not enough oxygen is getting to tissues
where are fibres found and why do we need them?
found in wholemeal bread and rice, fruits and veg
-need it to help food move through intestines properly
-prevents diarrhoea and constipation
where is water found and why do we need it
found in most foods and drinks (e.g strawberries and oranges)
-need it for most chemical reactions
-our body is made up of 70% water and we constantly lose it from breathing, sweating and urinating so we need to replace it
what is the difference between vitamins and minerals
vitamins are organic, minerals are inorganic
what is special about fibres
they are carbohydrates but we do not absorb them
what enzyme breaks down carbohydrates ?
amylase
what is an examples of a carbohydrate and what is it broken down into
-starch
can be broken down into maltose by amylase
-then broken down into glucose by maltase
