Organisation

Question 1

Name 3 specialised animal cells

Answer 1

sperm, nerve and muscle

Question 2

name 3 specialise plant cells

Answer 2

root hair, xylem and phloem

Question 3

what tissue are in the stomach

Answer 3

muscle, glandular and epithelial

contract, digestive juices, cover the outside and inside of the stomach

Question 4

Explain how enzymes are usued

Answer 4

the substrate reacts with the enzyme in its active site where it is broken down

Question 5

how do enzymes become denatred

Answer 5

high temperatures and extreme pH make them change shape

Question 6

Where is amylase produced and how is it used

Answer 6

• produced in the salivary glands and pancreas

- a carbohydrase that breaks down starch into sugar

Question 7

Where is protease produced and how is it used

Answer 7

• produced in the stomach, pancreas and small intestine

- breaks down proteins into amino acids

Question 8

Where is lipase produced and how is it used

Answer 8

• produced in the pancreas and small intestine

- breaks down lipids into fatty acids and glycerol

Question 9

what is bile an where is it produced

Answer 9

• a liquid made in the liver and stored in the gall bladder

- is alkaline to neutralise hydrochloric acid from the stomach

Question 10

how does the heart pump blood in and out

Answer 10

• blood enters through the left and right atria which contracts and forces blood into the ventricles
• the ventricles contract and force blood out of the heart

Question 11

What artery send blood to the lungs

Answer 11

The pulmonary artery

Question 12

what are adaptations of alveoli

Answer 12

• they have a large, moist surface area
• they have a rich blood supply
• they are close the blood capillaries

Question 13

What are the functions and adaptations of veins, arteries and capilaries

Answer 13

Arteries:
-take blood from your heart to your organs
-thick walls made from muscle and elastic fibres
Veins:
-take blood from your organs to your heart
-thinner walls and valves prevent back-flow
Capillaries:
-allow substances needed by the cell to pass out of the blood
-allow substances produced by cells to pass into the blood
-narrow, thin-walled blood vessels

Question 14

what is coronary heart disease and what are treatment

Answer 14

• it is when layers of fatty material build up inside the coronary arteries
• stents can be used to keep the arteries open
• statins can be used to lower cholesterol and slow the rate of build up

Question 15

Name 3 adaptations in plant tissues

Answer 15

• Many chloroplasts close to the top of the leaf to trap maximum sunlight
• Lots of air spaces to allow gases to diffuse
• Stomata allows the diffusion of gases in and out of the lead

Question 16

what are factors affecting the rate of transpiration

Answer 16

• an increase in temperature, increases the rate
• faster airflow, increases the rate
• increased light intensity, increases the rate as the stomata open
• increase in humidity will decrease the rate

Question 17

why do guard cells close the stomata at night

Answer 17

as carbon dioxide is not needed for photosynthesis so closing reduces water loss

Question 18

what is translocation

Answer 18

the movement of food through the phloem tissue